{"id":10356,"date":"2023-04-04T17:40:47","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T17:40:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/2-identity-gender-diversity-6353\/2-5-social-categorization-6482\/"},"modified":"2023-05-22T14:39:21","modified_gmt":"2023-05-22T14:39:21","slug":"2-5-social-categorization-6482","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/2-identity-gender-diversity-6353\/2-5-social-categorization-6482\/","title":{"rendered":"2.5. CATEGORIZAREA SOCIAL\u0102"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10356\" class=\"elementor elementor-10356 elementor-6482\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-69418ea4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"69418ea4\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c174e0c\" data-id=\"5c174e0c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efa444b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"efa444b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_dividing_kids_between_boys_and_girls_for_kids_educ_b8593eed-6bf9-427e-8e84-4581fa790e58_1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9345\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_dividing_kids_between_boys_and_girls_for_kids_educ_b8593eed-6bf9-427e-8e84-4581fa790e58_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_dividing_kids_between_boys_and_girls_for_kids_educ_b8593eed-6bf9-427e-8e84-4581fa790e58_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_dividing_kids_between_boys_and_girls_for_kids_educ_b8593eed-6bf9-427e-8e84-4581fa790e58_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_dividing_kids_between_boys_and_girls_for_kids_educ_b8593eed-6bf9-427e-8e84-4581fa790e58_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_dividing_kids_between_boys_and_girls_for_kids_educ_b8593eed-6bf9-427e-8e84-4581fa790e58_1-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_dividing_kids_between_boys_and_girls_for_kids_educ_b8593eed-6bf9-427e-8e84-4581fa790e58_1.png 1728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c46af02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c46af02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b5c5cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4b5c5cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Categorizarea social&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este procesul prin care oamenii se clasific&#259; pe ei &icirc;n&#537;i&#537;i &#537;i pe ceilal&#539;i &icirc;n grupuri diferen&#539;iate. Categorizarea simplific&#259; percep&#539;ia &#537;i cunoa&#537;terea legate de lumea social&#259; prin detectarea rela&#539;iilor de similaritate inerente sau prin impunerea unei structuri asupra acesteia (sau ambele).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/social-categorization\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Categorizarea social&#259;<\/a> este procesul prin care oamenii se clasific&#259; pe ei &icirc;n&#537;i&#537;i &#537;i pe al&#539;ii &icirc;n grupuri diferen&#539;iate.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Diferen&#539;ele de gen &icirc;n sine nu reprezint&#259; o problem&#259;, dar ele devin problematice pentru predare atunci c&acirc;nd implic&#259; polarizarea &#537;i stereotipurile de gen.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stereotipurile de gen trec cu vederea &#537;i persoanele care nu se &icirc;ncadreaz&#259; &icirc;n categoria de b&#259;rbat sau femeie.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16282ecf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16282ecf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>2.5.1. INTRODUCERE<\/strong><\/h3><p><b><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Categorizarea social&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este procesul prin care oamenii se clasific&#259; pe ei &icirc;n&#537;i&#537;i &#537;i pe ceilal&#539;i &icirc;n grupuri diferen&#539;iate. Categorizarea simplific&#259; percep&#539;ia &#537;i cunoa&#537;terea legate de lumea social&#259; prin detectarea rela&#539;iilor de similaritate inerente sau prin impunerea unei structuri asupra acesteia (sau ambele).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/social-categorization\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Categorizarea social&#259;<\/a> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">este procesul prin care oamenii se clasific&#259; pe ei &icirc;n&#537;i&#537;i &#537;i pe al&#539;ii &icirc;n grupuri diferen&#539;iate. Categorizarea simplific&#259; percep&#539;ia &#537;i cunoa&#537;terea legate de lumea social&#259; prin detectarea rela&#539;iilor de similaritate inerente sau prin impunerea unei structuri asupra acesteia (sau ambele). Principala func&#539;ie adaptiv&#259; a categoriz&#259;rii sociale este aceea c&#259; permite &#537;i constr&acirc;nge inferen&#539;ele inductive, altfel haotice. Oamenii atribuie tr&#259;s&#259;turi de grup indivizilor (stereotipuri) &#537;i ei &ndash; mai pu&#539;in puternic &ndash; generalizeaz&#259; tr&#259;s&#259;turile individuale la grup. Puterea acestor dou&#259; tipuri de inferen&#539;e inductive depinde de presupunerile a priori despre omogenitatea grupului. &Icirc;n m&#259;sura &icirc;n care categoriile sociale se bazeaz&#259; pe modele detectate de similaritate a tr&#259;s&#259;turilor, coeren&#539;a lor este o chestiune de asem&#259;nare de familie.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Categoriile de asem&#259;nare familial&#259; cuprind membri cu tipicitate variabil&#259;, au grani&#539;e neclare (&#537;i, prin urmare, tind s&#259; se suprapun&#259;), iar tr&#259;s&#259;turile pe care le de&#539;in tind s&#259; fie corelate &icirc;ntre ele. Totu&#537;i, unele categorii sociale sunt &ldquo;sub&#539;iri&rdquo;, deoarece coeren&#539;a lor se bazeaz&#259; exclusiv pe etichete arbitrare sau construite social. Ambele tipuri de categorii (asem&#259;narea de familie &#537;i construc&#539;ia social&#259;) dau na&#537;tere la dou&#259; prejudec&#259;&#539;i comune &#537;i problematice din punct de vedere social: (a) favoritismul &icirc;n cadrul grupului &#537;i (b) percep&#539;ia omogenit&#259;&#539;ii grupului de outsideri (Krueger, 2001).<\/span><\/p><h3><strong>2.5.2. DEZVOLTAREA SUBTEMEI<\/strong><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Majoritatea diferen&#539;elor de gen nu sunt determinate biologic sau genetic, ci mai degrab&#259; construite social. Diferen&#539;ele de gen &icirc;n sine nu reprezint&#259; o problem&#259;, dar ele devin problematice pentru predare atunci c&acirc;nd implic&#259; polarizarea &#537;i stereotipurile de gen. Obiective mai ambi&#539;ioase &#537;i mai semnificative ar fi ca, odat&#259; ajun&#537;i la &#537;coal&#259;, fetele &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii s&#259; aib&#259; parte de o &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;are &#537;i o predare de calitate &#537;i ca egalitatea &icirc;n &#537;colarizare s&#259; fie legat&#259; de schimb&#259;ri pozitive &icirc;n direc&#539;ia egalit&#259;&#539;ii &icirc;n societate &icirc;n general. (K&uuml;tt &amp; Papp, 2022).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&Icirc;n general, cadrele didactice consider&#259; c&#259; trateaz&#259; to&#539;i copiii &icirc;n mod corect &#537;i egal la &#537;coal&#259;. Cu toate acestea, studiile arat&#259; c&#259; nu este &icirc;ntotdeauna a&#537;a &#537;i c&#259; profesorii &icirc;i trateaz&#259; diferit pe elevi &icirc;n func&#539;ie de sexul acestora. Ace&#537;tia contribuie la construc&#539;ia social&#259; a genului prin a&#537;tept&#259;rile &#537;i interac&#539;iunile lor cu fetele &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii, practicile din clas&#259;, alegerea materialelor educa&#539;ionale etc., care contribuie la consolidarea sau la distrugerea stereotipurilor de gen. &ldquo;Obiectivul cel mai frecvent al politicilor privind <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">egalitatea de gen<\/a> &icirc;n &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;&#259;m&acirc;ntul primar este acela de a contesta rolurile &#537;i stereotipurile tradi&#539;ionale de gen&rdquo; (K&uuml;tt &amp; Papp, 2022).<\/span><\/p><h4><strong>2.5.2.1. <b>Stereotipurile de gen<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Un <\/span><b><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Stereotip&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;const&#259; &icirc;ntr-un set de convingeri comune cu privire la caracteristicile, atributele personale &#537;i comportamentele pe care le au membrii unui grup.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/stereotype\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">stereotip<\/a> de gen <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">este o viziune generalizat&#259; sau o preconcep&#539;ie despre atributele sau caracteristicile pe care le posed&#259; sau ar trebui s&#259; le posede femeile &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii sau despre rolurile care sunt sau ar trebui s&#259; fie &icirc;ndeplinite de b&#259;rba&#539;i &#537;i femei. Stereotipurile de gen au componente descriptive, care sunt convingeri despre ceea ce fac &icirc;n mod obi&#537;nuit b&#259;rba&#539;ii &#537;i femeile. Cu toate acestea, ele con&#539;in, de asemenea, componente prescriptive puternice sau convingeri despre ceea ce ar trebui s&#259; fac&#259; b&#259;rba&#539;ii &#537;i femeile. Rolurile stereotipice feminine includ faptul c&#259; sunt emo&#539;ionale, grijulii &#537;i au nevoie de protec&#539;ie. Rolurile stereotipice masculine includ ideea de a fi ra&#539;ional, orientat spre carier&#259; &#537;i puternic. Aceste ipoteze pot fi negative (de exemplu, femeile sunt ira&#539;ionale, b&#259;rba&#539;ii sunt insensibili) sau aparent benigne (de exemplu, femeile sunt &icirc;ngrijitoare, b&#259;rba&#539;ii sunt lideri) (K&uuml;tt &amp; Papp, 2022).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stereotipurile de gen trec cu vederea &#537;i persoanele care nu se &icirc;ncadreaz&#259; &icirc;n categoria de b&#259;rbat sau femeie.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Este firesc ca stereotipurile s&#259; ajute fiecare persoan&#259; s&#259; se orienteze rapid &icirc;n informa&#539;iile ob&#539;inute din mediul &icirc;nconjur&#259;tor. La nivelul individului, se vorbe&#537;te despre categorizare ca despre un proces cognitiv, care se bazeaz&#259; mai ales pe stereotipuri. Acest lucru poate duce la o <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Discriminare&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;poate fi definit&#259; ca fiind tratamentul inegal &#537;i nefavorabil al unui subiect sau al unui grup ca urmare a unei prejudec&#259;&#539;i. Nu este vorba doar de judec&#259;&#539;i sau de sentimente nefavorabile, ci &#537;i de acte de intoleran&#539;&#259; care constau &icirc;n respingerea &#537;i\/sau excluderea persoanelor &icirc;mpotriva c&#259;rora se au prejudec&#259;&#539;i.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/discrimination\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">discriminare<\/a> interzis&#259;, adic&#259; la un tratament inegal al unei persoane pentru c&#259; i se atribuie anumite caracteristici care caracterizeaz&#259; prejudec&#259;&#539;ile sau stereotipurile unui grup. Discriminarea poate fi at&acirc;t direct&#259;, c&acirc;t &#537;i indirect&#259;, dar detectarea acesteia este &icirc;n cea mai mare parte de competen&#539;a instan&#539;elor. Discriminarea pe o anumit&#259; baz&#259; este totu&#537;i perceput&#259; de o anumit&#259; persoan&#259;, care &icirc;&#537;i poate apoi proteja din punct de vedere juridic dreptul de a nu fi discriminat&#259; de o alt&#259; persoan&#259;.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mai multe procese din societate pot fi indirect discriminatorii, care dezavantajeaz&#259; persoanele dintr-o anumit&#259; categorie ca grup.<\/span><\/p><h3><i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-right\"><\/i> &ndash; 2.5.3. SITUA&#538;II DE DISCRIMINARE LEGATE DE SUBIECT &ndash; <i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-left\"><\/i><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Exist&#259; probleme dac&#259; oamenii nu v&#259;d persoana din spatele stereotipurilor. Exist&#259; persoane care sunt diferite de rolul de gen construit de cineva, iar aceste persoane sunt mai degrab&#259; discriminate, pentru c&#259; sunt diferite.<\/span><\/p><h3><strong>2.5.4. BUNE PRACTICI<\/strong><\/h3><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-8532 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1728\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png 1728w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1536x768.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1728px) 100vw, 1728px\"\/><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/mBDULN6Jtn0\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teoria identit&#259;&#539;ii sociale<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &ndash; Categorizare, identificare, comparare &ndash; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/mBDULN6Jtn0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">VIDEO<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Categorizarea social&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este procesul prin care oamenii se clasific&#259; pe ei &icirc;n&#537;i&#537;i &#537;i pe ceilal&#539;i &icirc;n grupuri diferen&#539;iate. Categorizarea simplific&#259; percep&#539;ia &#537;i cunoa&#537;terea legate de lumea social&#259; prin detectarea rela&#539;iilor de similaritate inerente sau prin impunerea unei structuri asupra acesteia (sau ambele).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/social-categorization\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Categorizarea social&#259;<\/a> &ndash; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/rNx80osVnkQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">VIDEO<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stereotipurile de gen &ndash; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/nrZ21nD9I-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">VIDEO<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stereotipurile de gen (Juc&#259;rii pentru fete vs juc&#259;rii pentru b&#259;ie&#539;i: Experimentul &ndash; BBC Stories) &ndash; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/nWu44AqF0iI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">VIDEO<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.haridusjasugu.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gender-Sensitive-Education-For-Primary-School-Teachers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Educa&#539;ia sensibil&#259;<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> la problematica de gen: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">materiale de studiu pentru profesori pentru a spori sensibilitatea profesorilor la problemele de gen. &Icirc;n acest fel, va contribui la crearea unor medii de clas&#259; mai incluzive, &icirc;n care fetele &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii &icirc;&#537;i pot dezvolta competen&#539;ele &icirc;ntr-o atmosfer&#259; sigur&#259; &#537;i primitoare, f&#259;r&#259; presiunea stereotipurilor restrictive de gen.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aware.org.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/Teachers-guide-to-addressing-gender-stereotypes-in-the-classroom.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ghidul profesorilor pentru abordarea stereotipurilor de gen &icirc;n sala de clas&#259;<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/educators4sc.org\/topic-guides\/teaching-about-gender-stereotypes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Predarea despre stereotipurile de gen<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">materiale pentru profesori<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h3><strong>2.5.5. REFERIN&#538;E<\/strong><\/h3><p>Krueger, J. (2001). Social Categorization, Psychology of. In N. J. Smelser &amp; P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social &amp; Behavioral Sciences (pp. 14219&ndash;14223). Pergamon. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B0-08-043076-7\/01751-4<\/p><p>K&uuml;tt, R., &amp; Papp, &Uuml;.-M. (2022). Gender-Sensitive Education for Primary School Teachers. Self-Study Courxe in 16 Modules. Fair Play at Schools.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\/*! elementor &ndash; v3.12.2 &ndash; 23-04-2023 *\/ .elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=&rdquo;.svg&rdquo;]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block} \/*! elementor &ndash; v3.12.2 &ndash; 23-04-2023 *\/ .elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(&ndash;spacer-size)}.e-con{&ndash;container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(&ndash;container-widget-width,var(&ndash;spacer-size));&ndash;align-self:var(&ndash;container-widget-align-self,initial);&ndash;flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer&gt;.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer&gt;.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(&ndash;container-widget-height,var(&ndash;spacer-size))} <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Categorizarea social&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este procesul prin care oamenii se clasific&#259; pe ei &icirc;n&#537;i&#537;i &#537;i pe ceilal&#539;i &icirc;n grupuri diferen&#539;iate. Categorizarea simplific&#259; percep&#539;ia &#537;i cunoa&#537;terea legate de lumea social&#259; prin detectarea rela&#539;iilor de similaritate inerente sau prin impunerea unei structuri asupra acesteia (sau ambele).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/social-categorization\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Categorizarea social&#259;<\/a> este procesul prin care oamenii se clasific&#259; pe ei &icirc;n&#537;i&#537;i &#537;i pe al&#539;ii &icirc;n grupuri diferen&#539;iate. Diferen&#539;ele de gen &icirc;n sine nu reprezint&#259; o problem&#259;, dar ele devin problematice pentru predare atunci [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":10140,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-10356","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10356"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10356\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10140"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=10356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}