{"id":10291,"date":"2023-04-04T17:45:04","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T17:45:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/9-environment-influences-6369\/9-5-lgbtqezd_plus-myths-and-anti-lgbtqezd_plus-movement-6532\/"},"modified":"2023-05-22T20:12:19","modified_gmt":"2023-05-22T20:12:19","slug":"9-5-lgbtqezd_plus-myths-and-anti-lgbtqezd_plus-movement-6532","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/9-environment-influences-6369\/9-5-lgbtqezd_plus-myths-and-anti-lgbtqezd_plus-movement-6532\/","title":{"rendered":"9.5. MITURILE LGBTQ+ \u0218I MI\u0218CAREA ANTI-LGBTQ"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10291\" class=\"elementor elementor-10291 elementor-6532\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dde8e2e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dde8e2e\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b294d0c\" data-id=\"2b294d0c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e22d6be elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e22d6be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_angry_person_going_against_another_one_holding_an__36618c1e-e3b3-417c-8a88-453bc9490b9c-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8741\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_angry_person_going_against_another_one_holding_an__36618c1e-e3b3-417c-8a88-453bc9490b9c-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_angry_person_going_against_another_one_holding_an__36618c1e-e3b3-417c-8a88-453bc9490b9c-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_angry_person_going_against_another_one_holding_an__36618c1e-e3b3-417c-8a88-453bc9490b9c-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_angry_person_going_against_another_one_holding_an__36618c1e-e3b3-417c-8a88-453bc9490b9c-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_angry_person_going_against_another_one_holding_an__36618c1e-e3b3-417c-8a88-453bc9490b9c-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_angry_person_going_against_another_one_holding_an__36618c1e-e3b3-417c-8a88-453bc9490b9c.png 1728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfd669f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"dfd669f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c80ebf4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c80ebf4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Persoanele <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> sunt &icirc;nc&#259; afectate de anumite prejudec&#259;&#539;i &#537;i mituri care persist&#259; &icirc;n societate.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cele mai frecvente mituri trebuie s&#259; fie deconstruite pentru a ajunge la o normalizare a comunit&#259;&#539;ii <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a>.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Acceptarea &#537;i cunoa&#537;terea diferitelor grupuri <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a>, at&acirc;t &icirc;n familie, c&acirc;t &#537;i &icirc;n educa&#539;ie, au un impact pozitiv asupra s&#259;n&#259;t&#259;&#539;ii mintale a persoanelor care apar&#539;in acestor grupuri (&#537;i a tuturor celorlal&#539;i), a&#537;a c&#259; este foarte recomandat s&#259; le promov&#259;m.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28fba52d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28fba52d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>9.5.1. INTRODUCERE<\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&Icirc;n ciuda faptului c&#259;, de-a lungul anilor, normalizarea &#537;i acceptarea grupurilor <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> au devenit din ce &icirc;n ce mai frecvente, mai ales &icirc;n &#539;&#259;rile mai dezvoltate, reprezentarea unor identit&#259;&#539;i care, &icirc;n mod tradi&#539;ional, au fost reduse la t&#259;cere, ascunse, pedepsite sau falsificate din cauza respingerii lor de c&#259;tre societate, este &icirc;nc&#259; asociat&#259; cu diverse prejudec&#259;&#539;i care s-au stabilit &#537;i care &icirc;mpiedic&#259; aceast&#259; normalizare.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apari&#539;ia &#537;i men&#539;inerea acestor prejudec&#259;&#539;i a fost explicat&#259; din diferite perspective. Una dintre cele mai cercetate este <\/span><b><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Esen&#539;ialismul biologic de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;credin&#539;&#259; care afirm&#259; c&#259; identit&#259;&#539;ile de gen se bazeaz&#259; pe un substrat biologic &#537;i, prin urmare, sunt categorii stabile &icirc;n timp, care nu pot suferi muta&#539;ii sau schimb&#259;ri, form&acirc;nd astfel un set de atribute fixe &#537;i naturale.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/biological-gender-essentialism\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">esen&#539;ialismul biologic de gen<\/a><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Cei care adopt&#259; aceast&#259; pozi&#539;ie sus&#539;in c&#259; identit&#259;&#539;ile de gen se bazeaz&#259; pe un substrat biologic &#537;i, prin urmare, sunt categorii stabile &icirc;n timp, care nu pot suferi muta&#539;ii sau schimb&#259;ri (Smiler &amp; Gelman, 2008), form&acirc;nd astfel o serie de atribute fixe &#537;i naturale (Basti&aacute;n &amp; Haslam, 2006). Conform acestei perspective, starea biologic&#259; a persoanei este cea decisiv&#259;, nu ceea ce simte aceasta. Unele teorii sus&#539;in c&#259; multe persoane heterosexuale &#537;i <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;o persoan&#259; a c&#259;rei identitate de gen corespunde cu sexul care i-a fost atribuit la na&#537;tere, descrie persoanele care nu sunt transgender.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgender<\/a> cred c&#259;, dac&#259; o persoan&#259; nu este b&#259;rbat, va fi femeie, deoarece sunt influen&#539;ate de credin&#539;ele prestabilite &icirc;n societate &#537;i de ceea ce este &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;at din punct de vedere cultural. Acest lucru &icirc;i determin&#259; s&#259; presupun&#259; binarismul de gen care, la r&acirc;ndul s&#259;u, influen&#539;eaz&#259; &icirc;n mod direct stereotipurile care sunt generate &icirc;n ceea ce prive&#537;te persoanele transgender (Gallagher &amp; Bodenhausen, 2021).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Persoanele care au convingeri esen&#539;ialiste fa&#539;&#259; de un grup consider&#259; c&#259; &#537;i caracteristicile care definesc acel grup sunt greu de schimbat &#537;i, prin urmare, le consider&#259; ca fiind universale (Glazier et al., 2021). Prin urmare, to&#539;i oamenii din acel grup ar &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;i aceea&#537;i esen&#539;&#259; inerent&#259; fiin&#539;ei lor (Rhodes et al., 2012). Cercet&#259;ri anterioare au constatat c&#259; existen&#539;a acestui tip de convingeri esen&#539;ialiste despre un grup este asociat&#259; cu mai multe prejudec&#259;&#539;i fa&#539;&#259; de persoanele care fac parte din acel grup (Glazier et al., 2021), favoriz&acirc;nd, de asemenea, apari&#539;ia stereotipurilor (Rhodes et al., 2012). &Icirc;n acest sens, cercet&#259;rile arat&#259; c&#259;, cu c&acirc;t este mai ridicat nivelul convingerilor esen&#539;ialiste de gen, cu at&acirc;t mai mari sunt prejudec&#259;&#539;ile fa&#539;&#259; de persoanele transgender (Davidson &amp; Czopp, 2014).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Persoanele transgender nu se conformeaz&#259; normelor sociale prestabilite privind <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genul<\/a>, ceea ce influen&#539;eaz&#259; percep&#539;ia restului popula&#539;iei fa&#539;&#259; de ele (Gallagher &amp; Bodenhausen, 2021). Acela&#537;i lucru este valabil &#537;i pentru alte grupuri <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a>. Acest lucru duce la fenomene precum <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Transfobia&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este frica, ura, necredin&#539;a sau ne&icirc;ncrederea fa&#539;&#259; de persoanele care sunt transsexuale, despre care se crede c&#259; sunt transsexuale sau a c&#259;ror expresie de gen nu este conform&#259; cu rolurile tradi&#539;ionale de gen.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/transphobia\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">transfobia<\/a>, foarte caracteristic&#259; persoanelor care nu &icirc;i accept&#259; pe cei care nu se conformeaz&#259; normelor conven&#539;ionale de gen (Nagoshi et al., 2018), sau la apari&#539;ia unor prejudec&#259;&#539;i fa&#539;&#259; de aceste grupuri (de exemplu, Axt et al., 2021; Prusaczyk &amp; Hodson, 2020; Rad et al., 2019; Wilton et al., 2019).<\/span><\/p><h3>9.5.2. DEZVOLTAREA SUBTEMEI<\/h3><h4><span style=\"font-size: 20.8px\">9.5.<\/span><strong>2.1. <b>Dezmin&#539;irea miturilor despre grupurile LGBTQ+<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Existen&#539;a prejudec&#259;&#539;ilor fa&#539;&#259; de grupurile <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> a dus la crearea &icirc;n societate a diferitelor mituri care trebuie s&#259; fie &icirc;nl&#259;turate pentru a facilita normalizarea acestor grupuri.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nimeni nu se na&#537;te homosexual<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Asocia&#539;ia American&#259; de Psihologie (<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;APA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Asocia&#539;ia American&#259; de Psihologie&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/apa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>APA<\/a>) afirm&#259; c&#259; &ldquo;majoritatea oamenilor au un sentiment de alegere redus sau inexistent cu privire la orientarea lor sexual&#259;&rdquo;. &Icirc;n 1994, <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;APA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Asocia&#539;ia American&#259; de Psihologie&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/apa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>APA<\/a> a scris c&#259; &ldquo;homosexualitatea nu este o chestiune de alegere individual&#259;&rdquo; &#537;i c&#259; cercet&#259;rile &ldquo;sugereaz&#259; c&#259; orientarea homosexual&#259; apare foarte devreme &icirc;n ciclul de via&#539;&#259;, posibil chiar &icirc;nainte de na&#537;tere&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 2<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Persoanele homosexuale pot alege s&#259; fie heterosexuale<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Terapia de conversie a fost respins&#259; de organiza&#539;ii medicale, psihologice, psihiatrice &#537;i de consiliere consacrate &#537;i de renume.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 3<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Identitatea transsexual&#259; este o boal&#259; psihic&#259;<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: De&#537;i identitatea transsexual&#259; nu este &icirc;n sine o boal&#259;, persoanele transsexuale pot avea probleme de s&#259;n&#259;tate mintal&#259; din cauza discrimin&#259;rii &#537;i a dezaprob&#259;rii. Dar aceste boli nu sunt cauza &#537;i nu sunt cauzate de identitatea lor transsexual&#259;. Ele sunt rezultatul excluderii sociale &#537;i al stigmatiz&#259;rii cu care se confrunt&#259; adesea persoanele transgender.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 4<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Elevii sunt prea tineri pentru a-&#537;i cunoa&#537;te <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Identitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este percep&#539;ia personal&#259; interioar&#259; a propriei identit&#259;&#539;i, legat&#259; de defini&#539;iile sociale &#537;i culturale ale genului. Identitatea de gen a unei persoane poate fi congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (cisgender) sau poate diferi de acesta &icirc;n diverse moduri.&nbsp; Pentru majoritatea persoanelor, identitatea de gen este congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit; pentru persoanele trans, nonbinare &#537;i alte persoane cu genuri diverse, identitatea de gen difer&#259; &icirc;n mai multe grade de sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (APA, 2015).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">identitatea de gen<\/a> sau <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Orientarea sexual&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la un model durabil de atrac&#539;ii emo&#539;ionale, romantice &#537;i\/sau sexuale fa&#539;&#259; de b&#259;rba&#539;i, femei sau fa&#539;&#259; de ambele sexe.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexual-orientation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">orientarea sexual&#259;<\/a><\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: De&#537;i concep&#539;ia de sine a unui copil se poate schimba &icirc;n timp, acest lucru nu se datoreaz&#259; faptului c&#259; acesta &icirc;&#537;i schimb&#259; p&#259;rerea. Tinerii <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> navigheaz&#259; printre multe bariere &#537;i norme sociale pentru a-&#537;i accepta identitatea <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Queer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Adjectiv folosit de unele persoane a c&#259;ror orientare sexual&#259; nu este exclusiv heterosexual&#259;. Acest termen general include persoanele care au identit&#259;&#539;i nonbinare, de gen fluid sau care nu se conformeaz&#259; la gen.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/queer\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">queer<\/a>. Acest lucru nu &icirc;nseamn&#259; c&#259; ei nu &icirc;&#537;i recunosc identitatea de la o v&acirc;rst&#259; fraged&#259;. Copiii nu trebuie s&#259; fie in adolescen&#539;&#259; sau activi din punct de vedere sexual pentru a-&#537;i &ldquo;cunoa&#537;te cu adev&#259;rat&rdquo; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Identitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este percep&#539;ia personal&#259; interioar&#259; a propriei identit&#259;&#539;i, legat&#259; de defini&#539;iile sociale &#537;i culturale ale genului. Identitatea de gen a unei persoane poate fi congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (cisgender) sau poate diferi de acesta &icirc;n diverse moduri.&nbsp; Pentru majoritatea persoanelor, identitatea de gen este congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit; pentru persoanele trans, nonbinare &#537;i alte persoane cu genuri diverse, identitatea de gen difer&#259; &icirc;n mai multe grade de sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (APA, 2015).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">identitatea de gen<\/a> sau <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Orientarea sexual&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la un model durabil de atrac&#539;ii emo&#539;ionale, romantice &#537;i\/sau sexuale fa&#539;&#259; de b&#259;rba&#539;i, femei sau fa&#539;&#259; de ambele sexe.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexual-orientation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">orientarea sexual&#259;<\/a>. Aceasta este o a&#537;teptare pe care nu o avem fa&#539;&#259; de elevii heterosexuali &#537;i cisgenderi. &Icirc;n realitate, copiii &icirc;&#537;i cunosc de obicei <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genul<\/a> de la v&acirc;rsta de 2 sau 3 ani. Mai mult, cercet&#259;rile sugereaz&#259; c&#259; permiterea copiilor mici s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i alinieze <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Identitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este percep&#539;ia personal&#259; interioar&#259; a propriei identit&#259;&#539;i, legat&#259; de defini&#539;iile sociale &#537;i culturale ale genului. Identitatea de gen a unei persoane poate fi congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (cisgender) sau poate diferi de acesta &icirc;n diverse moduri.&nbsp; Pentru majoritatea persoanelor, identitatea de gen este congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit; pentru persoanele trans, nonbinare &#537;i alte persoane cu genuri diverse, identitatea de gen difer&#259; &icirc;n mai multe grade de sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (APA, 2015).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">identitatea de gen<\/a> cu <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Expresia de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este expresia social&#259; a identit&#259;&#539;ii de gen a unui individ, inclusiv utilizarea numelui, a pronumelor, a &icirc;mbr&#259;c&#259;mintei, a tunsorii, a comportamentului, a vocii sau a caracteristicilor corporale.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-expression\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">expresia de gen<\/a> este asociat&#259; cu rezultate mentale mai bune &icirc;n r&acirc;ndul copiilor transsexuali.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 5<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Un copil poate transforma al&#539;i copii &icirc;n homosexuali, fie ei membri ai familiei sau prieteni<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Orientarea sexual&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la un model durabil de atrac&#539;ii emo&#539;ionale, romantice &#537;i\/sau sexuale fa&#539;&#259; de b&#259;rba&#539;i, femei sau fa&#539;&#259; de ambele sexe.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexual-orientation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Orientarea sexual&#259;<\/a> nu se &icirc;nva&#539;&#259; de la semeni. De&#537;i este posibil ca &#537;i copiii &#537;i adolescen&#539;ii s&#259; se imite sau s&#259; se influen&#539;eze reciproc, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Orientarea sexual&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la un model durabil de atrac&#539;ii emo&#539;ionale, romantice &#537;i\/sau sexuale fa&#539;&#259; de b&#259;rba&#539;i, femei sau fa&#539;&#259; de ambele sexe.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexual-orientation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">orientarea sexual&#259;<\/a> nu este ceva ce se &icirc;nva&#539;&#259; de la nimeni. Dac&#259; unii copiii care &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;esc acela&#537;i mediu &icirc;&#537;i fac <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Coming out&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la procesul prin care trec persoanele care sunt LGBTQ+ &icirc;n timp ce se str&#259;duiesc s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i accepte orientarea sexual&#259; sau identitatea de gen &#537;i s&#259; &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;easc&#259; aceast&#259; identitate &icirc;n mod deschis cu alte persoane. Nu este un eveniment unic, ci un proces care nu se termin&#259; niciodat&#259; &#537;i poate fi extrem de stresant, mai ales &icirc;ntr-un mediu homo\/transfobic.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/coming-out\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">coming out<\/a>-ul, acest lucru se va &icirc;nt&acirc;mpla pentru c&#259; se simt &icirc;ncuraja&#539;i s&#259; o fac&#259;, nu pentru c&#259; au fost influen&#539;a&#539;i.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 6<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">O persoan&#259; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> reprezint&#259; un pericol pentru copii<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Persoanele <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> nu sunt mai predispuse la h&#259;r&#539;uirea sexual&#259; a copiilor dec&acirc;t oricine altcineva. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Atrac&#539;ia sexual&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;descrie dimensiunea psihologic&#259; interpersonal&#259; a sexualit&#259;&#539;ii, care se refer&#259; la sentimentele romantice &#537;i sexuale pe care le avem pentru al&#539;ii.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexual-attraction\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Atrac&#539;ia sexual&#259;<\/a> fa&#539;&#259; de copii nu este cauzat&#259; de homosexualitate, ci este o tulburare psihiatric&#259; numit&#259; pedofilie. Aceast&#259; afirma&#539;ie tinde s&#259; afecteze &icirc;n special b&#259;rba&#539;ii homosexuali, dar studiile arat&#259; c&#259; b&#259;rba&#539;ii homosexuali nu sunt mai predispu&#537;i s&#259; abuzeze sexual copiii dec&acirc;t b&#259;rba&#539;ii heterosexuali (Schlatter &amp; Steinback, 2011). De fapt, Institutul de Cercetare &#537;i Prevenire a H&#259;r&#539;uirii Sexuale a Copiilor constat&#259; c&#259; 90% dintre abuzatorii sexuali de copii vizeaz&#259; copiii familiei &#537;i ai prietenilor, iar majoritatea sunt b&#259;rba&#539;i c&#259;s&#259;tori&#539;i cu femei (Schlatter &amp; Steinback, 2011).<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 7<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Toate persoanele LGBTIQ+ au <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;virusul imunodeficien&#539;ei umane&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a>\/<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;SIDA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Sindromul imunodeficien&#539;ei umane dob&acirc;ndite&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/aids\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">SIDA<\/a><\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Aceast&#259; afirma&#539;ie este fals&#259;. <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;virusul imunodeficien&#539;ei umane&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a>\/<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;SIDA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Sindromul imunodeficien&#539;ei umane dob&acirc;ndite&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/aids\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">SIDA<\/a> afecteaz&#259; pe toat&#259; lumea, inclusiv persoanele heterosexuale, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;o persoan&#259; a c&#259;rei identitate de gen corespunde cu sexul care i-a fost atribuit la na&#537;tere, descrie persoanele care nu sunt transgender.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgender<\/a> &#537;i LGBTIQ+, b&#259;rba&#539;i &#537;i femei, &icirc;n grade diferite, &icirc;n func&#539;ie de caracteristicile epidemiei. &Icirc;n unele regiuni ale lumii, este &icirc;n primul r&acirc;nd o problem&#259; &icirc;n cadrul popula&#539;iei heterosexuale. Cu toate acestea, este adev&#259;rat c&#259; stigmatizarea, discriminarea &#537;i excluderea persoanelor LGBTIQ+ duc la lipsa accesului la informa&#539;ii despre <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;virusul imunodeficien&#539;ei umane&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a> &#537;i la practici sexuale sigure, la prevenire, testare, tratament, &icirc;ngrijire &#537;i sprijin. Acest lucru face ca persoanele <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> (&#537;i &icirc;n special femeile transsexuale) s&#259; fie expuse unui risc crescut de infectare cu <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;virusul imunodeficien&#539;ei umane&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a>. Reducerea stigmatiz&#259;rii, eliminarea discrimin&#259;rii &#537;i a excluderii &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, cre&#537;terea accesului la servicii reprezint&#259; modalitatea corect&#259; de abordare a epidemiei de <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;virusul imunodeficien&#539;ei umane&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a> pentru toate persoanele, indiferent de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Orientarea sexual&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la un model durabil de atrac&#539;ii emo&#539;ionale, romantice &#537;i\/sau sexuale fa&#539;&#259; de b&#259;rba&#539;i, femei sau fa&#539;&#259; de ambele sexe.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexual-orientation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">orientarea sexual&#259;<\/a> sau de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Identitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este percep&#539;ia personal&#259; interioar&#259; a propriei identit&#259;&#539;i, legat&#259; de defini&#539;iile sociale &#537;i culturale ale genului. Identitatea de gen a unei persoane poate fi congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (cisgender) sau poate diferi de acesta &icirc;n diverse moduri.&nbsp; Pentru majoritatea persoanelor, identitatea de gen este congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit; pentru persoanele trans, nonbinare &#537;i alte persoane cu genuri diverse, identitatea de gen difer&#259; &icirc;n mai multe grade de sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (APA, 2015).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">identitatea de gen<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 8<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Asocierea femeilor transsexuale cu prostitu&#539;ia &#537;i marginalizarea<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Realitatea lor este stereotipat&#259; &#537;i simplificat&#259;, genereaz&#259; ignoran&#539;&#259; &#537;i poate duce chiar la criminalizare. Lipsa de referiri &icirc;n mass-media la femeile transsexuale &icirc;n alte sfere sociale &#537;i profesionale alimenteaz&#259; o imagine care este departe de cea real&#259;.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 9<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Este adecvat s&#259; te referi la o persoan&#259; transsexual&#259; cu numele ei de na&#537;tere dup&#259; ce aceasta &#537;i-a ales un nume nou. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Acest lucru se nume&#537;te &ldquo;dead-naming&rdquo;. Referirea la cineva dup&#259; numele de na&#537;tere poate provoca anxietate &icirc;n r&acirc;ndul persoanelor trans &#537;i invalideaz&#259; identitatea &#537;i experien&#539;a unei persoane trans. De&#537;i pot ap&#259;rea accidente sau inadverten&#539;e, cel mai bine este s&#259; le recunoa&#537;tem &icirc;ntotdeauna, s&#259; &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;&#259;m din ele &#537;i s&#259; ne adres&#259;m unei persoane trans at&acirc;t prin numele ales, c&acirc;t &#537;i prin pronumele cu care se identific&#259;. Dac&#259; nu-i cunoa&#537;te&#539;i numele sau pronumele, &icirc;ntreba&#539;i pur &#537;i simplu: &ldquo;Care este numele &#537;i pronumele cu care te identifici?&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Mitul 10<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Toaletele neutre din punct de vedere al genului sunt destinate exclusiv persoanelor <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a>. Persoanele <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este un prefix latin care &icirc;nseamn&#259; &amp;quot;de aceea&#537;i parte cu&amp;quot; &#537;i, prin urmare, este un antonim al lui &amp;quot;trans-&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/cis\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cis<\/a>-heterosexuale ar trebui s&#259; foloseasc&#259; doar toaletele pentru b&#259;rba&#539;i sau femei, clar marcate<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fapt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Toaletele neutre din punct de vedere al genului sunt destinate a fi folosite de toat&#259; lumea, indiferent de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Orientarea sexual&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la un model durabil de atrac&#539;ii emo&#539;ionale, romantice &#537;i\/sau sexuale fa&#539;&#259; de b&#259;rba&#539;i, femei sau fa&#539;&#259; de ambele sexe.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexual-orientation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">orientarea sexual&#259;<\/a>, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Identitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este percep&#539;ia personal&#259; interioar&#259; a propriei identit&#259;&#539;i, legat&#259; de defini&#539;iile sociale &#537;i culturale ale genului. Identitatea de gen a unei persoane poate fi congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (cisgender) sau poate diferi de acesta &icirc;n diverse moduri.&nbsp; Pentru majoritatea persoanelor, identitatea de gen este congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit; pentru persoanele trans, nonbinare &#537;i alte persoane cu genuri diverse, identitatea de gen difer&#259; &icirc;n mai multe grade de sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (APA, 2015).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">identitatea de gen<\/a>, expresia sau abilitatea fizic&#259;.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><h3><i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-right\"><\/i> &ndash; 9.5.3. SITUA&#538;II DE DISCRIMINARE LEGATE DE SUBIECT &ndash; <i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-left\"><\/i><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Situa&#539;ia 1<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">un elev &icirc;&#537;i face <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Coming out&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la procesul prin care trec persoanele care sunt LGBTQ+ &icirc;n timp ce se str&#259;duiesc s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i accepte orientarea sexual&#259; sau identitatea de gen &#537;i s&#259; &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;easc&#259; aceast&#259; identitate &icirc;n mod deschis cu alte persoane. Nu este un eveniment unic, ci un proces care nu se termin&#259; niciodat&#259; &#537;i poate fi extrem de stresant, mai ales &icirc;ntr-un mediu homo\/transfobic.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/coming-out\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">coming out<\/a>-ul la dumneavoastr&#259;<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Este firesc s&#259; dori&#539;i s&#259; r&#259;spunde&#539;i &icirc;n mod corespunz&#259;tor dac&#259; un elev <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> face <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Coming out&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la procesul prin care trec persoanele care sunt LGBTQ+ &icirc;n timp ce se str&#259;duiesc s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i accepte orientarea sexual&#259; sau identitatea de gen &#537;i s&#259; &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;easc&#259; aceast&#259; identitate &icirc;n mod deschis cu alte persoane. Nu este un eveniment unic, ci un proces care nu se termin&#259; niciodat&#259; &#537;i poate fi extrem de stresant, mai ales &icirc;ntr-un mediu homo\/transfobic.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/coming-out\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">coming out<\/a> sau &icirc;&#537;i dezv&#259;luie orientarea unui membru al familiei. Aminti&#539;i-v&#259; acest principiu c&#259;l&#259;uzitor: Concentra&#539;i-v&#259; pe elev, nu pe voi &icirc;n&#537;iv&#259;. Iat&#259; c&acirc;teva sugestii generale care v&#259; pot ajuta s&#259; ac&#539;iona&#539;i ca un aliat care se afirm&#259; atunci c&acirc;nd apare aceast&#259; situa&#539;ie.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ce pute&#539;i face?<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Asculta&#539;i &icirc;n mod activ<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Ascultarea activ&#259; este una dintre cele mai puternice &#537;i utile resurse pe care le pot oferi educatorii; este, de asemenea, simpl&#259; &#537;i nu necesit&#259; niciun efort prealabil. Pentru mul&#539;i elevi LGBTIQ+, cea mai d&#259;un&#259;toare sau dureroas&#259; parte a vie&#539;ii &icirc;n secret este faptul c&#259; nu se simt respecta&#539;i, asculta&#539;i sau &icirc;n&#539;ele&#537;i. A avea pe cineva cu care s&#259; vorbeasc&#259; pe tot parcursul procesului de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Coming out&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la procesul prin care trec persoanele care sunt LGBTQ+ &icirc;n timp ce se str&#259;duiesc s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i accepte orientarea sexual&#259; sau identitatea de gen &#537;i s&#259; &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;easc&#259; aceast&#259; identitate &icirc;n mod deschis cu alte persoane. Nu este un eveniment unic, ci un proces care nu se termin&#259; niciodat&#259; &#537;i poate fi extrem de stresant, mai ales &icirc;ntr-un mediu homo\/transfobic.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/coming-out\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">coming out<\/a> poate fi tot sprijinul de care un elev are nevoie pentru a se dezvolta &icirc;n mod autentic &icirc;n &#537;coal&#259;. Ascultarea activ&#259; este o practic&#259; &icirc;n care nu ascul&#539;i doar pentru a r&#259;spunde, ci &icirc;ncerci s&#259; &icirc;n&#539;elegi mesajul pe care &icirc;l transmite persoana respectiv&#259;. Punerea de &icirc;ntreb&#259;ri clarificatoare sau deschise, cum ar fi &ldquo;Te sim&#539;i &icirc;n siguran&#539;&#259; la &#537;coal&#259;?&rdquo;, &icirc;l va reasigura, de asemenea, pe elev c&#259; are parte de aten&#539;ia &#537;i preocuparea dumneavoastr&#259; constant&#259;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Fi&#539;i disponibil f&#259;r&#259; a fi un salvator<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Este posibil ca elevul s&#259; beneficieze de faptul c&#259; &#537;tie c&#259; are parte de sprijinul dumneavoastr&#259;, dar este posibil ca acesta s&#259; nu se afle &icirc;n mijlocul unei crize sau s&#259; nu doreasc&#259; un ajutor substan&#539;ial. Oferi&#539;i-i sprijinul dumneavoastr&#259; &icirc;n mod deschis, f&#259;r&#259; a insista sau a-l &icirc;mpinge s&#259; &icirc;ntreprind&#259; vreo ac&#539;iune specific&#259;. &#538;ine&#539;i minte c&#259; aceasta este experien&#539;a lor &#537;i c&#259; sunte&#539;i acolo pentru a-i oferi sprijin, nu pentru a face totul despre dumneavoastr&#259;.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><b>Respecta&#539;i confiden&#539;ialitatea. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Informa&#539;i elevul c&#259; nu ve&#539;i &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;i informa&#539;iile cu alte persoane dec&acirc;t dac&#259; siguran&#539;a acestuia o cere. Permite&#539;i-i elevului s&#259; se dest&#259;inuie celorlal&#539;i &icirc;n felul &#537;i &icirc;n timpul s&#259;u.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><b>&#538;ine&#539;i-v&#259; sub control prejudec&#259;&#539;ile. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Declararea este un moment critic pentru tinerii care &icirc;nc&#259; se confrunt&#259; cu identitatea lor &icirc;n lume. Este posibil ca elevul s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i aminteasc&#259; mult timp conversa&#539;ia dumneavoastr&#259;. Evita&#539;i s&#259; folosi&#539;i acest moment pentru a-l &ldquo;avertiza&rdquo; cu privire la modul &icirc;n care identitatea sa &icirc;i va influen&#539;a via&#539;a sau pentru a-i impune norme culturale &icirc;n materie de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sexualitate&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este un termen aplicat la modul &icirc;n care oamenii tr&#259;iesc &#537;i se exprim&#259; ca fiin&#539;e sexuale.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexuality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sexualitate<\/a> sau gen.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><b>Cunoa&#537;te&#539;i resursele. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Evalua&#539;i motivul pentru care elevul vine la dumneavoastr&#259;: dac&#259; are &icirc;ncredere &icirc;n dumneavoastr&#259; &#537;i dore&#537;te s&#259; v&#259; implice &icirc;n procesul de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Coming out&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la procesul prin care trec persoanele care sunt LGBTQ+ &icirc;n timp ce se str&#259;duiesc s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i accepte orientarea sexual&#259; sau identitatea de gen &#537;i s&#259; &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;easc&#259; aceast&#259; identitate &icirc;n mod deschis cu alte persoane. Nu este un eveniment unic, ci un proces care nu se termin&#259; niciodat&#259; &#537;i poate fi extrem de stresant, mai ales &icirc;ntr-un mediu homo\/transfobic.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/coming-out\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">coming out<\/a>, ar putea fi oportun&#259; ascultarea. Dar dac&#259; elevul este nelini&#537;tit sau se afl&#259; &icirc;ntr-o situa&#539;ie de criz&#259;, fi&#539;i preg&#259;ti&#539;i s&#259; &icirc;l &icirc;ndruma&#539;i c&#259;tre consilierul &#537;colar sau c&#259;tre o alt&#259; resurs&#259; pe care o considera&#539;i util&#259;, at&acirc;ta timp c&acirc;t elevul este interesat.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ce ar trebui s&#259; &icirc;ncerca&#539;i s&#259; evita&#539;i?<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; &icirc;i spune&#539;i elevului c&#259; ar putea fi o faz&#259;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; &icirc;i spune&#539;i c&#259; &ldquo;nu v&#259; pas&#259;&rdquo; de cine sunt &#537;i cum se identific&#259;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&Icirc;ntreba&#539;i-i dac&#259; au fost agresa&#539;i sexual.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; &icirc;l intreba&#539;i despre experien&#539;ele heterosexuale anterioare.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; &icirc;i spune&#539;i <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">elevului c&#259; ar fi mai bine ca informa&#539;ia s&#259; fie p&#259;strat&#259; pentru el.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; &icirc;i spune&#539;i <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">s&#259; a&#537;tepte s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i fac&#259; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Coming out&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la procesul prin care trec persoanele care sunt LGBTQ+ &icirc;n timp ce se str&#259;duiesc s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i accepte orientarea sexual&#259; sau identitatea de gen &#537;i s&#259; &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;easc&#259; aceast&#259; identitate &icirc;n mod deschis cu alte persoane. Nu este un eveniment unic, ci un proces care nu se termin&#259; niciodat&#259; &#537;i poate fi extrem de stresant, mai ales &icirc;ntr-un mediu homo\/transfobic.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/coming-out\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">coming out<\/a>-ul p&acirc;n&#259; c&acirc;nd sunt siguri.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; informa&#539;i elevul c&#259; a ales o cale dificil&#259;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; r&#259;spunde&#539;i prin t&#259;cere sau prin respingerea celor spuse de elev.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; pune&#539;i la &icirc;ndoial&#259; certitudinea lor.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S&#259; da&#539;i mai departe<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> aceste informa&#539;ii familiei, prietenilor sau colegilor de munc&#259;. Cu excep&#539;ia cazului &icirc;n care elevul v-a spus ceva care v&#259; oblig&#259; s&#259; ac&#539;iona&#539;i ca un raportor obligatoriu, respecta&#539;i &icirc;ntotdeauna intimitatea acestuia.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Situa&#539;ia 2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: O femeie transsexual&#259; folose&#537;te toaleta fetelor, deoarece toaletele nu sunt neutre, iar o elev&#259; se pl&acirc;nge conducerii &#537;colii, deoarece pentru ea, &icirc;n ciuda faptului c&#259; este o persoan&#259; transsexual&#259;, este tot un b&#259;iat. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ac&#539;iune recomandat&#259;: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Persoanele transsexuale folosesc toaletele &icirc;n acelea&#537;i scopuri ca &#537;i persoanele non-binare (adic&#259; pentru a se sp&#259;la pe m&acirc;ini &#537;i a se u&#537;ura). &#536;colile ar trebui s&#259; asigure toalete neutre din punct de vedere al genului pentru a preveni conflictele bazate pe <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Discriminare&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;poate fi definit&#259; ca fiind tratamentul inegal &#537;i nefavorabil al unui subiect sau al unui grup ca urmare a unei prejudec&#259;&#539;i. Nu este vorba doar de judec&#259;&#539;i sau de sentimente nefavorabile, ci &#537;i de acte de intoleran&#539;&#259; care constau &icirc;n respingerea &#537;i\/sau excluderea persoanelor &icirc;mpotriva c&#259;rora se au prejudec&#259;&#539;i.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/discrimination\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">discriminare<\/a> precum cel descris &icirc;n situa&#539;ie. &Icirc;n cazul &icirc;n care nu dispun de ele, conducerea &#537;colii, prin intermediul consilierului, ar trebui s&#259; informeze persoanele care &icirc;&#537;i manifest&#259; disconfortul cu privire la importan&#539;a &icirc;n&#539;elegerii faptului c&#259; o femeie transsexual&#259; se simte ca o femeie &#537;i, prin urmare, are dreptul de a folosi toaleta fetelor.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Situa&#539;ia 3: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">segregarea activit&#259;&#539;ilor &icirc;n func&#539;ie de sexul copiilor. Aceast&#259; segregare poate fi o problem&#259; &icirc;n cazul elevilor transsexuali\/ non-binari\/ cu genuri diferite. Nu are prea mult sens s&#259; se fac&#259; acest tip de segregare, deoarece &icirc;ncurajeaz&#259; asumarea &#537;i permanentizarea stereotipurilor asociate sexelor. Grupurile pot fi alc&#259;tuite prin sortarea &icirc;n func&#539;ie de alte criterii: afinitate, cuno&#537;tin&#539;e, ordine alfabetic&#259;, ordinea sosirii, ordine aleatorie etc.<\/span><\/p><h3>9.5.4. BUNE PRACTICI<\/h3><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-8532 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1728\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png 1728w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1536x768.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1728px) 100vw, 1728px\"\/><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&Icirc;n plus fa&#539;&#259; de recomand&#259;rile f&#259;cute &icirc;n situa&#539;iile descrise anterior, alte sugestii care pot fi utile pentru profesori includ urm&#259;toarele:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Fi&#539;i dispu&#537;i s&#259; &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;a&#539;i termenii esen&#539;iali<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Tinerii de ast&#259;zi, mai mult ca oric&acirc;nd, au un vocabular larg cu care &icirc;&#537;i pot articula identitatea. Acest vocabular poate fi necunoscut, dar &icirc;n&#539;elegerea acestor cuvinte poate deschide u&#537;ile pentru ca educatorii s&#259; devin&#259; alia&#539;i mai eficien&#539;i ai elevilor <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a>. Aceasta &icirc;nseamn&#259;, de exemplu, cunoa&#537;terea diferen&#539;ei dintre sexul biologic, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Identitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este percep&#539;ia personal&#259; interioar&#259; a propriei identit&#259;&#539;i, legat&#259; de defini&#539;iile sociale &#537;i culturale ale genului. Identitatea de gen a unei persoane poate fi congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (cisgender) sau poate diferi de acesta &icirc;n diverse moduri.&nbsp; Pentru majoritatea persoanelor, identitatea de gen este congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit; pentru persoanele trans, nonbinare &#537;i alte persoane cu genuri diverse, identitatea de gen difer&#259; &icirc;n mai multe grade de sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (APA, 2015).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">identitatea de gen<\/a> &#537;i <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Expresia de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este expresia social&#259; a identit&#259;&#539;ii de gen a unui individ, inclusiv utilizarea numelui, a pronumelor, a &icirc;mbr&#259;c&#259;mintei, a tunsorii, a comportamentului, a vocii sau a caracteristicilor corporale.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-expression\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">expresia de gen<\/a>; dintre <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;o persoan&#259; a c&#259;rei identitate de gen corespunde cu sexul care i-a fost atribuit la na&#537;tere, descrie persoanele care nu sunt transgender.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgender<\/a> &#537;i transgender; &#537;i dintre asexual &#537;i pansexual, printre altele.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Facilita&#539;i conversa&#539;iile despre identitate cu grij&#259;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Atunci c&acirc;nd apar probleme de identitate personal&#259; &icirc;n clas&#259;, conversa&#539;ia poate fi imprevizibil&#259;. Facilitarea adecvat&#259; a acestor conversa&#539;ii &icirc;nseamn&#259; s&#259; v&#259; sim&#539;i&#539;i confortabil cu disconfortul; &icirc;nseamn&#259; s&#259; fi&#539;i con&#537;tien&#539;i de propriile prejudec&#259;&#539;i &#537;i convingeri condi&#539;ionate; &#537;i &icirc;nseamn&#259; s&#259; v&#259; baza&#539;i pe un model coerent de discu&#539;ie civilizat&#259; &icirc;n clas&#259; pentru a putea gestiona r&#259;spunsurile emo&#539;ionale &icirc;ntr-un mod chibzuit.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Provocarea normelor de gen prin practici &icirc;n clas&#259;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Pentru a crea o sal&#259; de clas&#259; care s&#259; fie incluziv&#259; cu toate genurile, evalua&#539;i-v&#259; practicile concrete &#537;i zilnice din clas&#259;. Iat&#259; c&acirc;teva sugestii pentru evaluarea incluziunii de gen &icirc;n clasa dvs:<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Efectua&#539;i o verificare vizual&#259; a s&#259;lii de clas&#259; pentru a examina afi&#537;ele de pe pere&#539;i &#537;i alte materiale vizibile. Reprezint&#259; ele persoane cu expresii de gen diverse? Exist&#259; reprezent&#259;ri ale familiilor netradi&#539;ionale sau ale familiilor cu membri <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a>?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Numi&#539;i un grup de copii drept elevi, studen&#539;i, clas&#259;, prieteni sau toat&#259; lumea. Evita&#539;i termenul binar &ldquo;b&#259;ie&#539;i &#537;i fete&rdquo;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Evita&#539;i separarea elevilor &icirc;n func&#539;ie de <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>sex<\/a>. &Icirc;mp&#259;r&#539;irea elevilor dup&#259; linii binare nu face dec&acirc;t s&#259; &icirc;nt&#259;reasc&#259; sentimentele de diferen&#539;&#259;. Atunci c&acirc;nd &icirc;mp&#259;r&#539;i&#539;i elevii &icirc;n echipe, pentru lucrul &icirc;n perechi sau pentru a forma o linie, folosi&#539;i r&acirc;nduri, grupuri de mese sau laturi ale s&#259;lii de clas&#259;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&Icirc;n conversa&#539;iile informale cu elevii, nu face&#539;i presupuneri bazate pe <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>sex<\/a>. Nu tachina&#539;i sau glumi&#539;i niciodat&#259; cu elevii &icirc;ntr-un mod care s&#259; presupun&#259; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Identitatea cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;situa&#539;ia &icirc;n care genul determinat la na&#537;tere este &icirc;n concordan&#539;&#259; cu autoidentificarea de gen a persoanei.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/cisgender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">identitatea cisgender<\/a> sau orientarea heterosexual&#259;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&Icirc;ncuraja&#539;i to&#539;i elevii s&#259; &icirc;ncerce diferite tipuri de activit&#259;&#539;i. Nu cere&#539;i ca un grup de &ldquo;b&#259;ie&#539;i puternici&rdquo; s&#259; ajute la c&#259;ratul mobilei sau &ldquo;fete artistice&rdquo; s&#259; decoreze un panou de afi&#537;aj. Include&#539;i pe toat&#259; lumea &icirc;ntr-o gam&#259; larg&#259; de activit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;n clas&#259; &#537;i oferi&#539;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i egale de participare.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h3>9.5.5. REFERIN&#538;E<\/h3><p>Axt, J. R., Conway, M. A., &amp; Buttrick, N. R. (2021). Implicit Transgender Attitudes Independently Predict Beliefs About Gender and Transgender People. <em>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 47 (2<\/em>), 257-274.<\/p><p>Basti&aacute;n, B., &amp; Haslam, N. (2006). Psychological essentialism and stereotype endorsement. <em>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42(2)<\/em>, 228&ndash;235.<\/p><p>Davidson, M., &amp; Czopp, A. (2014). Too close for comfort: The moderating role of essentialism in transprejudice. Poster presented at the 2014 Society for Personality and Social Psychology meeting, Austin, TX.<\/p><p>Gallagher, N., &amp; Bodenhausen, G. (2021). Gender essentialism and the mental representation of transgender women and men: A multimethod investigation of stereotype content. <em>Cognition, 217<\/em>, 104887.<\/p><p>Glazier, J., Gomez, E., &amp; Olson, K. (2021). The Association Between Prejudice Toward and Essentialist Beliefs About Transgender People. <em>Collabra: Psychology, 7(1).<\/em><\/p><p>Nagoshi, C. T., Cloud, J. R., Lindley, L. M., Nagoshi, J. L., &amp; Lothamer, L. J. (2018). A Test of the Three-Component Model of Gender-Based Prejudices: Homophobia and Transphobia Are Affected by Raters&rsquo; and Targets&rsquo; Assigned <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Sex<\/a> at Birth. <em><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Sex<\/a> Roles, 80<\/em>, 137&ndash;146.<\/p><p>Prusaczyk, E., &amp; Hodson, G. (2020). The Roles of Political Conservatism and Binary Gender Beliefs in Predicting Prejudices Toward Gay Men and People Who Are Transgender. <em><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Sex<\/a> Roles, 82<\/em>, 438&ndash;446.<\/p><p>Rad, M. S., Shackleford, C., Lee, K. A., Jassin, K., &amp; Ginges, J. (2019) Folk theories of gender and anti-transgender attitudes: Gender differences and policy preferences. <em>PLOS ONE 14(12)<\/em>: e0226967<\/p><p>Rhodes, M., Leslie, S., &amp; Tworek, C. (2012). Cultural transmission of social essentialism. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(34<\/em>), 13526&ndash;13531.<\/p><p>Schlatter, E., &amp; Steinback, R. (2011). 10 anti-gays myths debunked. Intelligence report.<\/p><p>Smiler, A., &amp; Gelman, S. (2008). Determinants of Gender Essentialism in College Students. <em><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Sex<\/a> Roles, 58 (11&ndash;12)<\/em>, 864&ndash;874.<\/p><p>Wilton, L. S., Bell, A. N., Carpinella, C. M., Young, D. M., Meyers, C., &amp; Clapham, R. (2019). Lay Theories of Gender Influence Support for Women and Transgender People&rsquo;s Legal Rights. <em>Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10(7)<\/em>, 883&ndash;894.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\/*! elementor &ndash; v3.12.2 &ndash; 23-04-2023 *\/ .elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=&rdquo;.svg&rdquo;]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block} \/*! elementor &ndash; v3.12.2 &ndash; 23-04-2023 *\/ .elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(&ndash;spacer-size)}.e-con{&ndash;container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(&ndash;container-widget-width,var(&ndash;spacer-size));&ndash;align-self:var(&ndash;container-widget-align-self,initial);&ndash;flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer&gt;.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer&gt;.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(&ndash;container-widget-height,var(&ndash;spacer-size))} Persoanele <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> sunt &icirc;nc&#259; afectate de anumite prejudec&#259;&#539;i &#537;i mituri care persist&#259; &icirc;n societate. Cele mai frecvente mituri trebuie s&#259; fie deconstruite pentru a ajunge la o normalizare a comunit&#259;&#539;ii <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbiene, homosexuali, bisexuali, transsexuali, queer &#537;i al&#539;ii&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a>. Acceptarea &#537;i cunoa&#537;terea [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":10153,"menu_order":32,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-10291","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10291","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10291"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10291\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10291"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=10291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}