{"id":10275,"date":"2023-04-28T17:56:23","date_gmt":"2023-04-28T17:56:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/guide-for-families\/2-identity-gender-diversity-8804\/2-4-gender-equality-8861\/"},"modified":"2023-05-23T08:56:32","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T08:56:32","slug":"2-4-gender-equality-8861","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/docs\/guide-for-families\/2-identity-gender-diversity-8804\/2-4-gender-equality-8861\/","title":{"rendered":"2.4. EGALITATEA DE GEN"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10275\" class=\"elementor elementor-10275 elementor-8861\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9c2086a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9c2086a\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c765ff7\" data-id=\"c765ff7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aebe09e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"aebe09e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_gender_equality_including_non-binary_people_for_ki_b49826c7-b7d1-4261-809f-2cea12b52592_1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9339\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_gender_equality_including_non-binary_people_for_ki_b49826c7-b7d1-4261-809f-2cea12b52592_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_gender_equality_including_non-binary_people_for_ki_b49826c7-b7d1-4261-809f-2cea12b52592_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_gender_equality_including_non-binary_people_for_ki_b49826c7-b7d1-4261-809f-2cea12b52592_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_gender_equality_including_non-binary_people_for_ki_b49826c7-b7d1-4261-809f-2cea12b52592_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_gender_equality_including_non-binary_people_for_ki_b49826c7-b7d1-4261-809f-2cea12b52592_1-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_gender_equality_including_non-binary_people_for_ki_b49826c7-b7d1-4261-809f-2cea12b52592_1.png 1728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b36222 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7b36222\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-093dbdb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"093dbdb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(egalitatea &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i): se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> &icirc;n societate nu este direct legat&#259; de problemele de identitate, dar se depun eforturi pentru a reduce impactul negativ al inegalit&#259;&#539;ii de gen &#537;i al miturilor &#537;i stereotipurilor care o men&#539;in asupra dezvolt&#259;rii indivizilor.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eliminarea stereotipurilor de gen de la o v&acirc;rst&#259; fraged&#259; contribuie la stoparea consecin&#539;elor negative ale inegalit&#259;&#539;ii &#537;i discrimin&#259;rii, deoarece poate ajuta copiii s&#259; devin&#259; adul&#539;i care nu sunt limita&#539;i de a&#537;tept&#259;rile bazate pe <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genul<\/a> lor.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deoarece rolurile, responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile &#537;i identit&#259;&#539;ile de gen sunt &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;ate social, acestea pot fi schimbate &#537;i prin educa&#539;ie.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Atunci c&acirc;nd vorbim despre <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">egalitatea de gen<\/a>, trebuie avut &icirc;n vedere faptul c&#259; normele rigide de gen afecteaz&#259; &icirc;n mod negativ persoanele cu identit&#259;&#539;i diverse, care intr&#259; adesea &icirc;n contact cu <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Violen&#539;a&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o &icirc;nc&#259;lcare grav&#259; a drepturilor omului, care limiteaz&#259; dreptul oamenilor la via&#539;&#259;, libertate, securitate, demnitate, integritate fizic&#259; &#537;i psihic&#259; &#537;i nediscriminare.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/violence\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">violen&#539;a<\/a>, ru&#537;inea &#537;i discriminarea.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb826b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eb826b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>2.4.1. INTRODUCERE<\/strong><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> &icirc;n societate nu este direct legat&#259; de problemele de identitate, dar se depun eforturi pentru a reduce impactul negativ al inegalit&#259;&#539;ii de gen &#537;i al miturilor &#537;i stereotipurilor care o men&#539;in asupra dezvolt&#259;rii indivizilor.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Educa&#539;ia de gen este o component&#259; necesar&#259; a programelor de studiu la toate nivelurile sistemului educa&#539;ional, care ar permite at&acirc;t fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor, c&acirc;t &#537;i femeilor &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ilor, &icirc;n diversitatea lor, s&#259; &icirc;n&#539;eleag&#259; modul &icirc;n care construc&#539;iile de masculinitate &#537;i feminitate &#537;i modelele de atribuire a rolurilor sociale &ndash; care modeleaz&#259; societ&#259;&#539;ile noastre &ndash; le influen&#539;eaz&#259; via&#539;a, rela&#539;iile, op&#539;iunile de via&#539;&#259;, traiectoriile profesionale etc. (Consiliul Europei, 2007).<\/span><\/p><p><strong style=\"color: #1d2746\">2.4.2. <b>DEZVOLTAREA SUBTEMEI<\/b><\/strong><\/p><h4><strong>2.4.2.1. Genul<\/strong><\/h4><p><b><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Genul<\/a> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i ale femeilor, ale fetelor &#537;i ale b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i ale femeilor. Prin urmare, rolurile bazate pe gen &#537;i alte atribute se schimb&#259; &icirc;n timp &#537;i variaz&#259; &icirc;n func&#539;ie de diferitele contexte culturale. Conceptul de gen include a&#537;tept&#259;rile avute cu privire la caracteristicile, aptitudinile &#537;i comportamentele probabile at&acirc;t ale femeilor, c&acirc;t &#537;i ale b&#259;rba&#539;ilor (feminitate &#537;i masculinitate). Acest concept este util pentru a analiza modul &icirc;n care practicile &icirc;mp&#259;rt&#259;&#537;ite &icirc;n comun legitimeaz&#259; discrepan&#539;ele dintre sexe (UNICEF, 2017).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;EIGE&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/eige\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">EIGE<\/a> define&#537;te <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genul<\/a> ca referindu-se la atributele &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;ile sociale asociate cu faptul de a fi b&#259;rbat sau femeie &#537;i la rela&#539;iile dintre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i, precum &#537;i la rela&#539;iile dintre femei (cu femei) &#537;i cele dintre b&#259;rba&#539;i (cu al&#539;i b&#259;rba&#539;i). Aceste atribute, oportunit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i rela&#539;ii sunt construite social &#537;i sunt &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;ate prin procese de socializare. Ele sunt specifice contextului\/timpului &#537;i sunt schimb&#259;toare. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Genul<\/a> determin&#259; ceea ce este a&#537;teptat, permis &#537;i valorizat la o femeie sau la un b&#259;rbat &icirc;n fiecare context. &Icirc;n majoritatea societ&#259;&#539;ilor exist&#259; diferen&#539;e &#537;i inegalit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i &icirc;n ceea ce prive&#537;te responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile atribuite, activit&#259;&#539;ile &icirc;ntreprinse, accesul la resurse &#537;i controlul asupra acestora, precum &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;ile de luare a deciziilor. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Genul<\/a> face parte din contextul socio-cultural mai larg. Alte criterii importante pentru analiza socio-cultural&#259; includ clasa, rasa, nivelul de s&#259;r&#259;cie, grupul etnic &#537;i v&acirc;rsta (Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen, s.n.d.-a).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conceptul de <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">gen <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">se refer&#259; la atributele &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;ile sociale asociate cu faptul de a fi b&#259;rbat sau femeie &#537;i la rela&#539;iile dintre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i, precum &#537;i la rela&#539;iile dintre femei &#537;i cele dintre b&#259;rba&#539;i. Aceste atribute, oportunit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i rela&#539;ii sunt construite social &#537;i sunt &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;ate prin procese de socializare, ceea ce &icirc;nseamn&#259; c&#259; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genul<\/a> este ceva care se produce prin interac&#539;iunea dintre oameni (UNESCO &#537;i UN Women, 2016).<\/span><\/p><h4><strong>2.4.2.2. <b>Ce este egalitatea de gen?<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><b><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(egalitatea &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i) se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i pentru femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i. Egalitatea nu &icirc;nseamn&#259; c&#259; femeile &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii vor deveni la fel, ci c&#259; drepturile, responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;ile femeilor &#537;i ale b&#259;rba&#539;ilor nu vor depinde de faptul c&#259; s-au n&#259;scut b&#259;rba&#539;i sau femei. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> implic&#259; faptul c&#259; interesele, nevoile &#537;i priorit&#259;&#539;ile at&acirc;t ale femeilor, c&acirc;t &#537;i ale b&#259;rba&#539;ilor sunt luate &icirc;n considerare, recunosc&acirc;nd diversitatea diferitelor grupuri de femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> nu este o chestiune care prive&#537;te doar femeile, ci ar trebui s&#259; priveasc&#259; &#537;i s&#259; implice pe deplin at&acirc;t b&#259;rba&#539;ii, c&acirc;t &#537;i femeile. Egalitatea &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i este considerat&#259; at&acirc;t o chestiune legat&#259; de drepturile omului, c&acirc;t &#537;i o condi&#539;ie prealabil&#259; &#537;i un indicator al dezvolt&#259;rii durabile centrate pe oameni. (Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen, s.n.d.-a).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Progresele &icirc;n direc&#539;ia realiz&#259;rii egalit&#259;&#539;ii de gen sunt m&#259;surate prin examinarea reprezent&#259;rii b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor &icirc;ntr-o serie de roluri, pe baza unor date privind indicatorii dezagregate pe sexe din domeniile economic, cultural &#537;i social.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen (<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;EIGE&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/eige\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">EIGE<\/a>) Indicele UE al egalit&#259;&#539;ii de gen (Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen, s.d.-b) ofer&#259; o m&#259;sur&#259; u&#537;or de interpretat a egalit&#259;&#539;ii de gen &icirc;n UE &icirc;n 6 domenii de politic&#259; cheie &ndash; munc&#259;, bani, cuno&#537;tin&#539;e, timp, putere &#537;i s&#259;n&#259;tate, precum &#537;i dou&#259; domenii satelit (violen&#539;&#259; &#537;i inegalit&#259;&#539;i intersectoriale). Exist&#259;, de asemenea, o serie de indici comparativi interna&#539;ionali privind <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">egalitatea de gen<\/a> care arat&#259; diferen&#539;ele dintre situa&#539;ia femeilor &#537;i cea a b&#259;rba&#539;ilor, oferind o modalitate de a compara realiz&#259;rile &#539;&#259;rilor.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Datele statistice furnizate &icirc;n func&#539;ie de <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>sex<\/a> permit eviden&#539;ierea diferen&#539;elor din via&#539;a femeilor &#537;i a b&#259;rba&#539;ilor, a fetelor &#537;i a b&#259;ie&#539;ilor. Atunci c&acirc;nd se analizeaz&#259; cauzele inegalit&#259;&#539;ii pe baza diferen&#539;elor statistice (faptice) dintre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, trebuie luate &icirc;n considerare diferitele norme sociale, reguli, roluri de gen, atitudini, a&#537;tept&#259;ri stereotipice, care se aplic&#259; femeilor &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ilor. Conceptul de <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>sex<\/a> este biologic, &icirc;n timp ce <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genul<\/a> este interpretarea cultural&#259; sau social&#259; a sexului (Cole, 2019).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&Icirc;n fiecare societate, a&#537;tept&#259;rile privind normele &#537;i <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Rolurile de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la comportamentele &#537;i activit&#259;&#539;ile pe care le atribuim oamenilor &icirc;n func&#539;ie de sexul lor biologic.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-roles\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">rolurile de gen<\/a> sunt diferite, adic&#259; ceea ce se a&#537;teapt&#259;, ceea ce este permis &#537;i valorizat pentru femei este diferit de ceea ce se a&#537;teapt&#259; &#537;i e permis &#537;i valorizat pentru b&#259;rba&#539;i.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conceptul opus egalit&#259;&#539;ii de gen este inegalitatea.<\/span><\/p><p><b><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Inegalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la situa&#539;iile &icirc;n care o situa&#539;ie juridic&#259;, social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259; &icirc;n care sexul &#537;i\/sau genul determin&#259; drepturi &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i diferite pentru femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, care se reflect&#259; &icirc;n accesul inegal la drepturi sau &icirc;n beneficierea de drepturi, precum &#537;i &icirc;n asumarea unor roluri sociale &#537;i culturale stereotipate.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-inequality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Inegalitatea de gen<\/a> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">se<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">refer&#259; la situa&#539;iile &icirc;n care o situa&#539;ie juridic&#259;, social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259; &icirc;n care sexul &#537;i\/sau <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genul<\/a> determin&#259; drepturi &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i diferite pentru femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, se reflect&#259; &icirc;n accesul inegal la drepturi sau &icirc;n beneficierea de drepturi, precum &#537;i &icirc;n asumarea unor roluri sociale &#537;i culturale stereotipate. Acestea afecteaz&#259; statutul lor &icirc;n toate domeniile vie&#539;ii &icirc;n societate, fie c&#259; este vorba de via&#539;a public&#259; sau privat&#259;, &icirc;n familie sau pe pia&#539;a muncii, &icirc;n via&#539;a economic&#259; sau politic&#259;, &icirc;n ceea ce prive&#537;te puterea &#537;i procesul de luare a deciziilor, precum &#537;i &icirc;n rela&#539;iile sociale de gen. &Icirc;n aproape toate societ&#259;&#539;ile, femeile se afl&#259; &icirc;ntr-o pozi&#539;ie inferioar&#259; fa&#539;&#259; de b&#259;rba&#539;i (Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen, s.n.d.-c).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Diferen&#539;ele de comportament, roluri sociale, drepturi, &icirc;ndatoriri, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i ale femeilor &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ilor nu rezult&#259; din diferen&#539;e biologice-fiziologice imuabile, ci sunt construite social &ndash; astfel &icirc;nc&acirc;t se poate spune c&#259; at&acirc;t indivizii, c&acirc;t &#537;i toate institu&#539;iile, procesele, practicile, simbolurile &#537;i al&#539;i factori sociali produc &#537;i men&#539;in diferen&#539;ele de gen &#537;i, adesea, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Inegalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la situa&#539;iile &icirc;n care o situa&#539;ie juridic&#259;, social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259; &icirc;n care sexul &#537;i\/sau genul determin&#259; drepturi &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i diferite pentru femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, care se reflect&#259; &icirc;n accesul inegal la drepturi sau &icirc;n beneficierea de drepturi, precum &#537;i &icirc;n asumarea unor roluri sociale &#537;i culturale stereotipate.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-inequality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">inegalitatea de gen<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Diferen&#539;ele opuse &icirc;ntre fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i nu sunt &icirc;nn&#259;scute &#537;i predeterminate, ci aceste diferen&#539;e &#537;i inegalit&#259;&#539;i sunt create de lumi diferite de experien&#539;&#259;. De exemplu, b&#259;ie&#539;ilor li se ofer&#259; mai mult&#259; libertate &icirc;n ceea ce prive&#537;te comportamentul &#537;i exprimarea de sine; progresul fetelor este explicat prin s&acirc;rguin&#539;a lor, iar cel al b&#259;ie&#539;ilor prin talentul lor; e&#537;ecul fetelor este interpretat ca o lips&#259; de talent, &icirc;n timp ce e&#537;ecul sau performan&#539;a slab&#259; a b&#259;ie&#539;ilor poate fi atribuit&#259; lenei.&nbsp; B&#259;ie&#539;ii au mai multe &#537;anse de a fi asocia&#539;i cu caracteristici stereotipice, cum ar fi activitatea, setea de succes, agresivitatea, g&#259;l&#259;gia etc. Fetele, pe de alt&#259; parte, sunt v&#259;zute ca fiind ascult&#259;toare, afectuoase, sensibile &#537;i mai receptive la ordinele profesorilor. Aceste a&#537;tept&#259;ri sunt percepute &#537;i de copii, care se comport&#259; &icirc;n conformitate cu ele (Haridus ja sugu, s.n.).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">De exemplu, modul &icirc;n care profesorii vorbesc cu elevii de <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>sex<\/a> masculin &#537;i feminin joac&#259; un rol &icirc;n modul &icirc;n care fetele &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii &icirc;nva&#539;&#259; s&#259; se priveasc&#259; reciproc. Pozi&#539;ia inferioar&#259; a femeilor &icirc;n societate este adesea reflectat&#259; prin limbaj. Limbajul sexist este limbajul care este pur &#537;i simplu sexist, cum ar fi &ldquo;<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fii b&#259;rbat<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&rdquo; sau faptul de a spune unui b&#259;iat sau unei fete c&#259; alearg&#259;, pl&acirc;nge sau arunc&#259; &ldquo;<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ca o fat&#259;&rdquo;<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, dar adesea este mai subtil &#537;i uneori chiar bine inten&#539;ionat, cum ar fi complimentele adresate fetelor cu privire la aspectul lor sau sublinierea faptului c&#259; b&#259;ie&#539;ii trebuie s&#259; fie &ldquo;curajo&#537;i&rdquo; &ndash; dar poate fi la fel de d&#259;un&#259;tor &icirc;n contextul mesajelor de gen. (Gestetner, 2015)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">De exemplu, &ldquo;<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B&#259;ie&#539;ii vor fi b&#259;ie&#539;i&rdquo; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">poate fi rostit sau poate fi o opinie nerostit&#259;, care informeaz&#259; a&#537;tept&#259;rile fa&#539;&#259; de &ldquo;b&#259;ie&#539;i&rdquo; ca grup. Aceast&#259; expresie este utilizat&#259; pentru a scuza, justifica sau anticipa un comportament dur sau perturbator din partea b&#259;ie&#539;ilor. Nu este niciodat&#259; folosit&#259; atunci c&acirc;nd un b&#259;iat a fost de ajutor sau amabil. Efectele sale sunt d&#259;un&#259;toare &#537;i nedrepte, suger&acirc;nd c&#259; b&#259;ie&#539;ii nu se pot ab&#539;ine de la un comportament r&#259;u, suprim&acirc;nd individualitatea numero&#537;ilor b&#259;ie&#539;i care nu se comport&#259; &icirc;n acest fel &#537;i anticip&acirc;nd c&#259; &ldquo;fetele&rdquo; (din nou, ca grup) se vor comporta mai bine (Gestetner, 2015).<\/span><\/p><p><b><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Socializarea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este un proces prin care indivizii (&icirc;n special copiii &#537;i adolescen&#539;ii) se dezvolt&#259;, re&#64257;neaz&#259; &#537;i &icirc;nva&#539;&#259; s&#259; &amp;quot;fac&#259;&amp;quot; gen prin internalizarea normelor &#537;i rolurilor de gen pe m&#259;sur&#259; ce interac&#539;ioneaz&#259; cu agen&#539;ii-cheie de socializare, cum ar &#64257; familia, &#537;colile, grupurile de colegi &#537;i mass-media, re&#539;elele sociale &#537;i alte institu&#539;ii sociale.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-socialisation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Socializarea de gen<\/a> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">este un proces prin care indivizii (&icirc;n special copiii &#537;i adolescen&#539;ii) se dezvolt&#259;, se schimb&#259; &#537;i &icirc;nva&#539;&#259; s&#259; &ldquo;fac&#259;&rdquo; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genul&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o construc&#539;ie social&#259; &#537;i cultural&#259;, care distinge diferen&#539;ele dintre atributele b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor, fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor &#537;i, &icirc;n consecin&#539;&#259;, se refer&#259; la rolurile &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ile b&#259;rba&#539;ilor &#537;i femeilor.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genul<\/a> prin internalizarea <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">normelor <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#537;i <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">rolurilor de gen <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pe m&#259;sur&#259; ce interac&#539;ioneaz&#259; cu agen&#539;ii cheie de socializare, cum ar &#64257; familia, &#537;colile, grupurile de colegi &#537;i mass-media, re&#539;elele sociale &#537;i alte institu&#539;ii sociale. (Hoominfar, 2019). &Icirc;n timpul acestui proces, fetele &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii sunt implica&#539;i activ &icirc;n construirea propriilor identit&#259;&#539;i de gen &#537;i sunt afecta&#539;i de stereotipurile de gen &#537;i de a&#537;tept&#259;rile tradi&#539;ionale de gen (Vinney, 2019).<\/span><\/p><p><b>Normele de gen <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sunt standarde &#537;i a&#537;tept&#259;ri la care femeile &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii se conformeaz&#259; &icirc;n general ideii despre cum ar trebui s&#259; fie &#537;i s&#259; ac&#539;ioneze fetele &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii, femeile &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii. (Departamentul pentru afaceri economice &#537;i sociale al <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ONU&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Organiza&#539;ia Na&#539;iunilor Unite&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/un\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>ONU<\/a>, Divizia de statistic&#259;, 2016). Internalizate la &icirc;nceputul vie&#539;ii, normele de gen pot stabili un ciclu de via&#539;&#259; de socializare &#537;i de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Stereotipuri de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;acestea sunt presupuneri despre cum sunt de obicei b&#259;rba&#539;ii &#537;i femeile sau cum ar trebui s&#259; se comporte femeile &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii pentru a fi &amp;quot;corect&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-stereotypes\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">stereotipuri de gen<\/a>. Normele &#537;i stereotipurile de gen &icirc;ncurajeaz&#259; sau for&#539;eaz&#259; fetele &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii s&#259; ac&#539;ioneze &icirc;n anumite moduri. Copiii &icirc;ncep s&#259; &icirc;&#537;i dea seama de stereotipurile de gen p&acirc;n&#259; la v&acirc;rsta de 10 ani &#537;i au internalizat mitul conform c&#259;ruia fetele sunt vulnerabile &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii sunt puternici &#537;i independen&#539;i (Luscombe, 2017).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Socializarea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este un proces prin care indivizii (&icirc;n special copiii &#537;i adolescen&#539;ii) se dezvolt&#259;, re&#64257;neaz&#259; &#537;i &icirc;nva&#539;&#259; s&#259; &amp;quot;fac&#259;&amp;quot; gen prin internalizarea normelor &#537;i rolurilor de gen pe m&#259;sur&#259; ce interac&#539;ioneaz&#259; cu agen&#539;ii-cheie de socializare, cum ar &#64257; familia, &#537;colile, grupurile de colegi &#537;i mass-media, re&#539;elele sociale &#537;i alte institu&#539;ii sociale.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-socialisation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Socializarea de gen<\/a> poate limita b&#259;ie&#539;ii &#537;i fetele &icirc;n explorarea talentelor &#537;i intereselor lor la poten&#539;ialul lor maxim. Unele a&#537;tept&#259;ri nerealiste &#537;i contradictorii pot provoca conflicte interne sau probleme psihologice. De exemplu, fetele tinere care sunt excesiv de preocupate de frumuse&#539;ea feminin&#259; &#537;i de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Imaginea corporal&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este un set de g&acirc;nduri &#537;i sentimente ale unei persoane fa&#539;&#259; de propriul corp &#537;i modul &icirc;n care percep atractivitatea &#537;i abilit&#259;&#539;ile acestuia, precum &#537;i modul &icirc;n care se raporteaz&#259; la el.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/body-image\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">imaginea corporal&#259;<\/a> pot avea tulbur&#259;ri de alimenta&#539;ie sau b&#259;ie&#539;ii, care sunt presa&#539;i s&#259; par&#259; &ldquo;virili&rdquo; &#537;i puternici &icirc;n r&acirc;ndul colegilor, pot avea un comportament violent &#537;i pot cre&#537;te cu o con&#537;tiin&#539;&#259; emo&#539;ional&#259; mult mai redus&#259; dec&acirc;t fetele.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><b>Stereotipurile de gen <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sunt presupuneri despre cum sunt de obicei b&#259;rba&#539;ii &#537;i femeile, sau cum ar trebui s&#259; se comporte femeile &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii pentru a fi &ldquo;corect&rdquo;. Stereotipurile sunt &icirc;n mare parte incon&#537;tiente, &ldquo;evidente&rdquo;, ad&acirc;nc &icirc;nr&#259;d&#259;cinate &icirc;n cultur&#259;. Stereotipurile de gen contribuie la perpetuarea inegalit&#259;&#539;ilor dintre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stereotipurile se bazeaz&#259;, &icirc;n principal, pe presupunerea c&#259; to&#539;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii\/b&#259;ie&#539;ii vor fi la fel &#537;i c&#259; le plac acelea&#537;i lucruri, iar toate femeile\/femele vor fi la fel &#537;i c&#259; le plac acelea&#537;i lucruri.&nbsp; Acest lucru poate duce la limitarea intereselor, abilit&#259;&#539;ilor &#537;i comportamentelor pe care le dezvolt&#259; copiii.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stereotipurile de gen sunt deseori observate &icirc;n presupuneri privind tr&#259;s&#259;turile de personalitate (de exemplu, femeile emo&#539;ionale &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii ra&#539;ionali), comportamente (de exemplu, fetele lini&#537;tite &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ii agita&#539;i), preferin&#539;e, ocupa&#539;ii &#537;i locuri de munc&#259; &#537;i aspect fizic.&nbsp; <\/span><\/p><h4><strong>2.4.2.3. <b>Cum se stabilesc obiectivele de &icirc;nv&#259;&#539;are <\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pentru a sprijini dezvoltarea copilului, ace&#537;tia trebuie s&#259; &icirc;n&#539;eleag&#259;:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Diferen&#539;ele dintre <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>sex<\/a> &#537;i gen &#537;i s&#259; poat&#259; folosi exemple pentru a explica diferen&#539;ele dintre aceste concepte &#537;i semnifica&#539;iile schimb&#259;toare ale conceptului de b&#259;rbat &#537;i de femeie &icirc;n timp &#537;i &icirc;n cultur&#259; (cum s-au schimbat normele de gen de-a lungul istoriei).<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rolul prejudec&#259;&#539;ilor, al normelor culturale de gen &#537;i al rolurilor tradi&#539;ionale de gen &icirc;n modelarea practicilor comportamentale ale persoanelor de genuri diferite (de exemplu, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Rolurile de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la comportamentele &#537;i activit&#259;&#539;ile pe care le atribuim oamenilor &icirc;n func&#539;ie de sexul lor biologic.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-roles\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">rolurile de gen<\/a> &#537;i normele de gen influen&#539;eaz&#259; via&#539;a oamenilor).<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Impactul diferitelor a&#537;tept&#259;ri din mediul &icirc;nconjur&#259;tor asupra alegerilor, oportunit&#259;&#539;ilor &#537;i responsabilit&#259;&#539;ilor fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor. Pot evalua &icirc;n mod critic ace&#537;ti factori, reflect&acirc;nd asupra mesajelor conform c&#259;rora se a&#537;teapt&#259; ca b&#259;rba&#539;ii &#537;i femeile s&#259; ac&#539;ioneze diferit &#537;i a celor care arat&#259; c&#259; stereotipurile de gen pot duce la prejudec&#259;&#539;i &#537;i inegalit&#259;&#539;i,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apreciaz&#259; egalitatea &#537;i principiile tratamentului egal al fetelor &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;ilor, al femeilor &#537;i al b&#259;rba&#539;ilor.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Este important s&#259; &icirc;n&#539;eleag&#259; c&#259; realizarea egalit&#259;&#539;ii de gen este un obiectiv de dezvoltare pentru toate &#539;&#259;rile &#537;i s&#259; &#537;tie care sunt domeniile vizate de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">egalitatea de gen<\/a>.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h4><strong>2.4.2.4. <b>Egalitatea de gen &#537;i persoanele transsexuale<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Atunci c&acirc;nd vorbim despre <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">egalitatea de gen<\/a>, trebuie avut &icirc;n vedere faptul c&#259; normele rigide de gen afecteaz&#259; &icirc;n mod negativ persoanele cu identit&#259;&#539;i diverse, care intr&#259; adesea &icirc;n contact cu <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Violen&#539;a&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este o &icirc;nc&#259;lcare grav&#259; a drepturilor omului, care limiteaz&#259; dreptul oamenilor la via&#539;&#259;, libertate, securitate, demnitate, integritate fizic&#259; &#537;i psihic&#259; &#537;i nediscriminare.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/violence\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">violen&#539;a<\/a>, ru&#537;inea &#537;i discriminarea. Discriminarea de gen se poate intersecta cu al&#539;i factori de <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Discriminare&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;poate fi definit&#259; ca fiind tratamentul inegal &#537;i nefavorabil al unui subiect sau al unui grup ca urmare a unei prejudec&#259;&#539;i. Nu este vorba doar de judec&#259;&#539;i sau de sentimente nefavorabile, ci &#537;i de acte de intoleran&#539;&#259; care constau &icirc;n respingerea &#537;i\/sau excluderea persoanelor &icirc;mpotriva c&#259;rora se au prejudec&#259;&#539;i.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/discrimination\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">discriminare<\/a>, cum ar fi etnia, statutul socioeconomic, abilitatea fizic&#259;\/mintal&#259;, v&acirc;rsta, localizarea geografic&#259;, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Identitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este percep&#539;ia personal&#259; interioar&#259; a propriei identit&#259;&#539;i, legat&#259; de defini&#539;iile sociale &#537;i culturale ale genului. Identitatea de gen a unei persoane poate fi congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (cisgender) sau poate diferi de acesta &icirc;n diverse moduri.&nbsp; Pentru majoritatea persoanelor, identitatea de gen este congruent&#259; cu sexul atribuit; pentru persoanele trans, nonbinare &#537;i alte persoane cu genuri diverse, identitatea de gen difer&#259; &icirc;n mai multe grade de sexul atribuit la na&#537;tere (APA, 2015).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">identitatea de gen<\/a> &#537;i <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Orientarea sexual&#259;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la un model durabil de atrac&#539;ii emo&#539;ionale, romantice &#537;i\/sau sexuale fa&#539;&#259; de b&#259;rba&#539;i, femei sau fa&#539;&#259; de ambele sexe.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sexual-orientation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">orientarea sexual&#259;<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Atunci c&acirc;nd define&#537;te conceptul de &ldquo;gen&rdquo;, Curtea European&#259; de Justi&#539;ie a aplicat un concept larg de &ldquo;gen&rdquo; &icirc;n interpretarea surselor corespunz&#259;toare de drept european (Ellis, 2005), lu&acirc;nd &icirc;n considerare, pe l&acirc;ng&#259; diferen&#539;ele biologice, aspectele sociale, psihologice &#537;i culturale care afecteaz&#259; apartenen&#539;a unei persoane la unul sau la cel&#259;lalt gen. Ca urmare, instan&#539;a a constatat c&#259; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">K.B. &icirc;mpotriva National Health Service Pensions Agency &#537;i Secretary of State for Health<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 2004; <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">P &icirc;mpotriva S &#537;i Cornwall County Council. Egalitatea de tratament &icirc;ntre b&#259;rba&#539;i &#537;i femei &ndash; Concedierea unui transsexual<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 1996) un tratament mai pu&#539;in favorabil din cauza faptului c&#259; o persoan&#259; este transsexual&#259; este, de asemenea, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Discriminare&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;poate fi definit&#259; ca fiind tratamentul inegal &#537;i nefavorabil al unui subiect sau al unui grup ca urmare a unei prejudec&#259;&#539;i. Nu este vorba doar de judec&#259;&#539;i sau de sentimente nefavorabile, ci &#537;i de acte de intoleran&#539;&#259; care constau &icirc;n respingerea &#537;i\/sau excluderea persoanelor &icirc;mpotriva c&#259;rora se au prejudec&#259;&#539;i.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/discrimination\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">discriminare<\/a> de gen.<\/span><\/p><h3><strong>2.4.4. BUNE PRACTICI<\/strong><\/h3><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-8532 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1728\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png 1728w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1536x768.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1728px) 100vw, 1728px\"\/><\/p><h4><strong>2.4.4.1. <\/strong><b>Videoclipuri pentru autoeduca&#539;ie pe temele abordate<\/b><\/h4><ul><li><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> explicat&#259; de copii<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hLr2GNRnmXM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hLr2GNRnmXM<\/span><\/a><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Socializarea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este un proces prin care indivizii (&icirc;n special copiii &#537;i adolescen&#539;ii) se dezvolt&#259;, re&#64257;neaz&#259; &#537;i &icirc;nva&#539;&#259; s&#259; &amp;quot;fac&#259;&amp;quot; gen prin internalizarea normelor &#537;i rolurilor de gen pe m&#259;sur&#259; ce interac&#539;ioneaz&#259; cu agen&#539;ii-cheie de socializare, cum ar &#64257; familia, &#537;colile, grupurile de colegi &#537;i mass-media, re&#539;elele sociale &#537;i alte institu&#539;ii sociale.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-socialisation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Socializarea de gen<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8QWfCrNHKYA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8QWfCrNHKYA<\/span><\/a><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stereotipurile de gen &#537;i educa&#539;ia<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nrZ21nD9I-0&amp;t=6s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nrZ21nD9I-0&amp;t=6s<\/span><\/a><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Stereotipuri de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;acestea sunt presupuneri despre cum sunt de obicei b&#259;rba&#539;ii &#537;i femeile sau cum ar trebui s&#259; se comporte femeile &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;ii pentru a fi &amp;quot;corect&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-stereotypes\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Stereotipuri de gen<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=L1m3XR4Y7T8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=L1m3XR4Y7T8<\/span><\/a><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Sex<\/a> &#537;i gen<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=msqi1qEPjc0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=msqi1qEPjc0<\/span><\/a><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Probleme cu <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Socializarea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;este un proces prin care indivizii (&icirc;n special copiii &#537;i adolescen&#539;ii) se dezvolt&#259;, re&#64257;neaz&#259; &#537;i &icirc;nva&#539;&#259; s&#259; &amp;quot;fac&#259;&amp;quot; gen prin internalizarea normelor &#537;i rolurilor de gen pe m&#259;sur&#259; ce interac&#539;ioneaz&#259; cu agen&#539;ii-cheie de socializare, cum ar &#64257; familia, &#537;colile, grupurile de colegi &#537;i mass-media, re&#539;elele sociale &#537;i alte institu&#539;ii sociale.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-socialisation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">socializarea de gen<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sZYJWPRYoGw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sZYJWPRYoGw<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ul><h3><strong>2.4.5. REFERIN&#538;E<\/strong><\/h3><p>Cole, N. L. (2019, July 21). How Gender Differs From <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sex&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la aspectele medicale privind masculinitatea &#537;i feminitatea.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/sex\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Sex<\/a>. ThoughtCo. https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/gender-definition-3026335<\/p><p>Council of Europe. (2007). Recommendation CM\/Rec(2007)13 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on gender mainstreaming in education. https:\/\/search.coe.int\/cm\/Pages\/result_details.aspx?ObjectId=09000016805d5287<\/p><p>Ellis, E. (2005). EU Anti-Discrimination Law. Oxford University Press, UK.<\/p><p>European Institute for Gender Equality. (n.d.-a). Concepts and definitions. European Institute for Gender Equality. Retrieved 2 November 2022, from https:\/\/<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;EIGE&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/eige\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">eige<\/a>.europa.eu\/gender-mainstreaming\/concepts-and-definitions<\/p><p>European Institute for Gender Equality. (n.d.-c). Gender inequality. European Institute for Gender Equality. Retrieved 1 November 2022, from https:\/\/<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;EIGE&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Institutul European pentru Egalitate de Gen&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/eige\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">eige<\/a>.europa.eu\/thesaurus\/terms\/1182<\/p><p>Gestetner, C. (2015, March 15). Gendered Language in Schools. Gender Action. https:\/\/www.genderaction.co.uk\/latest-news\/2019\/3\/14\/gendered-language-in-schools<\/p><p>Haridus ja sugu. (n.d.). Rahvusvahelistest uuringutest selgunud seadusp&auml;rasusi. Haridus ja sugu. Retrieved 2 November 2022, from https:\/\/www.haridusjasugu.ee\/uuringud\/soouuringud-hariduses\/rahvusvahelistest-uuringutest-selgunud-seadusparasusi\/<\/p><p>K.B. v National Health Service Pensions Agency and Secretary of State for Health, (European Court 7 January 2004). https:\/\/curia.europa.eu\/juris\/liste.jsf?language=en&amp;num=C-117\/01<\/p><p>Luscombe, B. (2017, September 20). Gender Stereotypes: Kids Believe Them By Age 10. Time. https:\/\/time.com\/4948607\/gender-stereotypes-roles\/<\/p><p>P v S and Cornwall County Council. Equal treatment for men and women&mdash;Dismissal of a transsexual, (European Court 30 April 1996). <a href=\"https:\/\/curia.europa.eu\/juris\/liste.jsf?num=C-13\/94\">https:\/\/curia.europa.eu\/juris\/liste.jsf?num=C-13\/94<\/a><\/p><p>UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs Statistics Divisio. (2016). Integrating a Gender Perspective into Statistics&mdash;Integrating a Gender Perspective into Statistics. United Nations. <a href=\"https:\/\/unstats.un.org\/wiki\/display\/genderstatmanual\/?preview=\/79009569\/85787258\/Integrating-a-Gender-Perspective-into-Statistics-E.pdf\">https:\/\/unstats.un.org\/wiki\/display\/genderstatmanual\/?preview=\/79009569\/85787258\/Integrating-a-Gender-Perspective-into-Statistics-E.pdf<\/a><\/p><p>UNESCO and UN Women. (2016). Global guidance on addressing school-related gender-based violence. https:\/\/www.unwomen.org\/en\/digital-library\/publications\/2016\/12\/global-guidance-on-addressing-school-related-gender-based-violence<\/p><p>UNICEF. (2017). Gender equality: Glossary of Terms and Concepts. UNICEF Regional Office for South Asia. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/rosa\/media\/1761\/file\/Gender\">https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/rosa\/media\/1761\/file\/Gender<\/a><\/p><p>Vinney, C. (2019, February 4). What Is Gender Socialization? Definition and Examples. ThoughtCo. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/gender-socialization-definition-examples-4582435\">https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/gender-socialization-definition-examples-4582435<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\/*! elementor &ndash; v3.12.2 &ndash; 23-04-2023 *\/ .elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=&rdquo;.svg&rdquo;]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block} \/*! elementor &ndash; v3.12.2 &ndash; 23-04-2023 *\/ .elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(&ndash;spacer-size)}.e-con{&ndash;container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(&ndash;container-widget-width,var(&ndash;spacer-size));&ndash;align-self:var(&ndash;container-widget-align-self,initial);&ndash;flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer&gt;.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer&gt;.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(&ndash;container-widget-height,var(&ndash;spacer-size))} <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> (egalitatea &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i): se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i). <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Egalitatea de gen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;se refer&#259; la egalitatea de drepturi, responsabilit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i oportunit&#259;&#539;i &icirc;ntre femei &#537;i b&#259;rba&#539;i, fete &#537;i b&#259;ie&#539;i (masculinit&#259;&#539;i &#537;i feminit&#259;&#539;i).&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/glossary\/gender-equality\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Egalitatea de gen<\/a> &icirc;n societate nu este [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":10116,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-10275","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10275"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10275\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=10275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}