{"id":10170,"date":"2023-04-04T17:40:34","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T17:40:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/2-identity-gender-diversity-6353\/2-3-cisnormativity-6478\/"},"modified":"2023-05-24T19:37:45","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T19:37:45","slug":"2-3-cisnormativity-6478","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/2-identity-gender-diversity-6353\/2-3-cisnormativity-6478\/","title":{"rendered":"2.3. CIS-NORMATIIVSUS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10170\" class=\"elementor elementor-10170 elementor-6478\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36f524e6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36f524e6\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e02e3a7\" data-id=\"7e02e3a7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a334985 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a334985\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_invisivilization_of_trans_people_for_kids_educatio_dd5d6361-b4ff-40d0-991a-2461c36876bf_1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9334\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_invisivilization_of_trans_people_for_kids_educatio_dd5d6361-b4ff-40d0-991a-2461c36876bf_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_invisivilization_of_trans_people_for_kids_educatio_dd5d6361-b4ff-40d0-991a-2461c36876bf_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_invisivilization_of_trans_people_for_kids_educatio_dd5d6361-b4ff-40d0-991a-2461c36876bf_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_invisivilization_of_trans_people_for_kids_educatio_dd5d6361-b4ff-40d0-991a-2461c36876bf_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_invisivilization_of_trans_people_for_kids_educatio_dd5d6361-b4ff-40d0-991a-2461c36876bf_1-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_invisivilization_of_trans_people_for_kids_educatio_dd5d6361-b4ff-40d0-991a-2461c36876bf_1.png 1728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa9d440 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"fa9d440\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-712ef13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"712ef13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>&Uuml;hiskonna <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-normatiivsuse t&otilde;ttu seisavad transsoolised lapsed ja noored koolis silmitsi mitmesuguste takistuste, raskuste ja eba&otilde;iglusega.<\/li><li>Trans &otilde;pilaste identiteedist tulenev hariduslik ebav&otilde;rdsus m&otilde;jutab nende emotsionaalset ja ps&uuml;hholoogilist tervist ning v&otilde;imet osaleda hariduses.<\/li><li>Muutes vaatenurka ja n&auml;hes inimesi kui erinevaid isikuid saavad haridust&ouml;&ouml;tajad ja k&otilde;ik t&auml;iskasvanud positiivselt m&otilde;jutada seda, kuidas laps maailma m&otilde;istab ja &uuml;mbritsevate inimestega suhtleb.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fc5a9e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7fc5a9e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>2.3.1. <strong>SISSEJUHATUS<\/strong><\/h3><p>Aja jooksul on kujunenud arusaam, et heteroseksuaalsed ja <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-soolised inimesed on norm ja k&otilde;iki teisi erinevaid vorme peetakse teistsuguseks. Inimeste v&auml;ljakujunenud &uuml;hiskondlikud t&otilde;ekspidamised, poliitika ja meedia kinnistavad seda arusaama. Samal ajal on erinevused muutunud &uuml;hiskonnas n&auml;htavamaks ja &bdquo;normid&#8223; ei kajasta enam (kui &uuml;ldse) tegelikkust &ndash; inimeste identiteetide ja enesem&auml;&auml;ratluste <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Mitmekesisus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Inimese erip&auml;rast tulenev ainulaadsus, mis annab talle elukogemuse ning sellest tulenevalt potentsiaali panustada &uuml;hiskonnaellu oma unikaalse visiooni, oskuste ja kogemussega.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/diversity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">mitmekesisus<\/a> on k&otilde;ikjal meie &uuml;mber n&auml;htav.<\/p><h3><strong>2.3.2. TEEMA ARENDUS<\/strong><\/h3><h4><strong>2.3.2.1. Cis-normatiivsus<\/strong><\/h4><p>S&otilde;na &ldquo;<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Normatiivsus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;M&otilde;ningaid tegevusi, hoiakuid v&otilde;i vaimseid seisundeid peetakse &otilde;igustatuks, millised inimesed peaksid olema..&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/normativity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">normatiivsus<\/a>&rdquo; v&otilde;eti esmakordselt kasutusele 2000. aastatel. See on kombinatsioon eesliitest <em><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a><\/em>-, nagu <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis-sooline&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Inimene, kelle sooline identiteet on vastavuses s&uuml;nnil m&auml;&auml;ratud sooga. Kirjeldab inimesi, kes ei ole transsoolised.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cis-sooline<\/a>, ja j&auml;relliitest -<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Normatiivsus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;M&otilde;ningaid tegevusi, hoiakuid v&otilde;i vaimseid seisundeid peetakse &otilde;igustatuks, millised inimesed peaksid olema..&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/normativity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">normatiivsus<\/a>, mis t&auml;iendab heteronormatiivsust. Termin <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Normatiivsus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;M&otilde;ningaid tegevusi, hoiakuid v&otilde;i vaimseid seisundeid peetakse &otilde;igustatuks, millised inimesed peaksid olema..&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/normativity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">normatiivsus<\/a> on v&auml;lja t&ouml;&ouml;tatud kirjeldamaks sotsiaalkultuurilisi eeldusi ja ootusi, et k&otilde;ik inimesed on hetero-seksuaalsed v&otilde;i <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-soolised (Bauer et al., 2009). Kuigi <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Normatiivsus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;M&otilde;ningaid tegevusi, hoiakuid v&otilde;i vaimseid seisundeid peetakse &otilde;igustatuks, millised inimesed peaksid olema..&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/normativity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">normatiivsus<\/a> on harva tahtlik, tajutakse seda sageli kui trans* kogukonna jaoks haiget tegevat ja solvavat k&auml;itumist.<\/p><p><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Cis<\/a>-normatiivsust v&otilde;ib m&otilde;ista kui transvaenu aluseks olevat uskumuss&uuml;steemi, mida kirjeldatakse kui irratsionaalset hirmu v&otilde;i vihkamist trans inimeste suhtes (Israel &amp; Tarver, 1997).<\/p><h4><strong>2.3.2.2. Transnegatiivsus ja transvaen<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Transnegatiivsus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Hulk k&auml;itumisviise, uskumustel p&otilde;hinevaid kognitiivseid ettekirjutusi ja negatiivseid reaktsioone, mis on seotud transsooliste inimestega.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/transnegativity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Transnegatiivsus<\/a><\/strong> on rida k&auml;itumisviise, uskumustel p&otilde;hinevaid kognitiivseid ettekirjutusi ja negatiivseid afektiivseid reaktsioone, mis on seotud trans inimestega. Transnegatiivsuse m&otilde;iste v&otilde;ib olla m&auml;&auml;ratletud kui igasugune eelarvamuslik suhtumine, diskrimineeriv v&otilde;i ohvriks muutev k&auml;itumisviis, mis on kas avalikult v&otilde;i varjatud viisil suunatud &uuml;ksikisiku suhtes, kuna ta on v&otilde;i arvatakse olevat trans (McDermott et al., 2018).<\/p><p><strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Transvaen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Hirm, vihkamine, uskmatus v&otilde;i umbusaldus inimeste suhtes, kes on transsoolised, keda peetakse transsooliseks v&otilde;i kelle sooline enesev&auml;ljendus ei vasta traditsioonilistele soorollidele.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/transphobia\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Transvaen<\/a><\/strong> on hirm, vihkamine, uskmatus v&otilde;i umbusaldus inimeste suhtes, kes on transsoolised, keda peetakse transsoolisteks inimesteks v&otilde;i kelle <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sooline enesev&auml;ljendus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Inimese soolise identiteedi sotsiaalne v&auml;ljendus, sealhulgas nime, ases&otilde;nade, riietuse, soengu, k&auml;itumise, h&auml;&auml;le v&otilde;i kehaomaduste kasutamine.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/gender-expression\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sooline enesev&auml;ljendus<\/a> ei vasta traditsioonilistele soorollidele (Chrisler &amp; McCreary, 2010). See v&otilde;ib v&auml;ljenduda paljudes vormides, nagu negatiivne suhtumine, vastumeelsus ja <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Eelarvamused&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Hoiakud, millel on peamiselt tundmuslik komponent ja mis p&otilde;hineb stereot&uuml;&uuml;pidel. Tavaliselt sisaldavad need negatiivset hinnangut r&uuml;hmadele, millele need viitavad, kuigi m&otilde;nel juhul v&otilde;ivad sellised hinnangud olla ka positiivsed.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/prejudice\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">eelarvamused<\/a> transsooliste inimeste suhtes, irratsionaalne hirm ja v&auml;&auml;ritim&otilde;istmine, halvustav keelekasutus ning nimedega kutsumine, kiusamine, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;V&auml;givald&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;T&otilde;sine inim&otilde;iguste rikkumine, mis piirab inimeste &otilde;igust elule, vabadusele, turvalisusele, v&auml;&auml;rikusele, vaimsele ja f&uuml;&uuml;silisele puutumatusele ning mittediskrimineerimisele.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/violence\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">v&auml;givald<\/a> jne (Egale, 2019).<\/p><p>Lisaks pikka aega kasutatud terminile <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Transvaen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Hirm, vihkamine, uskmatus v&otilde;i umbusaldus inimeste suhtes, kes on transsoolised, keda peetakse transsooliseks v&otilde;i kelle sooline enesev&auml;ljendus ei vasta traditsioonilistele soorollidele.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/transphobia\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">transvaen<\/a> on hiljuti kasutusele v&otilde;etud termin <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis-seksism&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Kultuuriliste hinnangute ja eelarvamuste s&uuml;steem, mis alav&auml;&auml;ristab v&otilde;i eitab transsooliste soolisi ja kehalisi enesem&auml;&auml;ratlusi.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cissexism\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cis-seksism<\/a><\/strong>. Seda v&otilde;ib m&otilde;ista kui r&otilde;humise ja diskrimineerimise vormi nende poolt, kes kardavad, ei usu v&otilde;i kellele ei meeldi inimesed, kes on sooliselt mittevastavad (Zambon, 2021). Meditsiiniajakirjas Medical News Today kirjeldatakse, et <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-seksismi kogevad inimesed kogevad t&otilde;en&auml;oliselt depressiooni, &auml;revust, post-traumaatilist stressi ja &uuml;ldist ps&uuml;hholoogilist stressi. Samuti v&otilde;ib see m&otilde;jutada f&uuml;&uuml;silist tervist mitmel viisil, kuna neil on halvem juurdep&auml;&auml;s tervishoiuteenustele, nad kogevad v&auml;givalda ja v&auml;&auml;rkohtlemist ning muud otsest m&otilde;ju tervisele, nagu k&otilde;rge verer&otilde;hk, insult, diabeet jne.<\/p><h4><strong>2.3.2.3. Haridusalane eba&otilde;iglus<\/strong><\/h4><p>Transsoolised lapsed ja noored seisavad teadaolevalt koolis silmitsi mitmesuguste takistuste, raskuste ja eba&otilde;iglusega. Seoses koolikeskkonnaga eeldavad inimesed sageli stabiilset <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-soolist normi &ndash; normaliseeritud eeldust, et iga&uuml;ks identifitseerib end selle sooga, mis talle s&uuml;nnil m&auml;&auml;rati on, ja et <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sooline identiteet&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Inimese enda soo tunnetamine ja subjektiivne kogemine.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/gender-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sooline identiteet<\/a> on m&auml;&auml;ratud s&uuml;nniga ning ei muutu (Simmons &amp; White, 2014). <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Cis<\/a>-soolised &otilde;pilased on koolide m&auml;&auml;ratud <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-normatiivsuse t&otilde;ttu eelistatud ja erinevad soop&otilde;hised v&auml;ljendusviisid kipuvad olema mitte teretulnud (Miller, 2016).<\/p><p>Koolipoliitika tugevdab mittetunnustamist ja mitte esindamist, mis muudab trans identiteedid kehtetuks, halvemal juhul v&otilde;imaldab kiusamist ja f&uuml;&uuml;silist ahistamist ning &otilde;petajate eelarvamusi, mis m&otilde;jutavad transnoorte haridust ja elu (Mcbride et al., 2020). Uuringud n&auml;itavad, et hariduslik ebav&otilde;rdsus ja trans* &otilde;pilaste identiteedist tulenev eba&otilde;iglus m&otilde;jutab nende emotsionaalset ja ps&uuml;hholoogilist tervist ning v&otilde;imet hariduses osaleda (Meyer et al., 2016).<\/p><p>Tegelikkuses on trans noored j&auml;etud &uuml;ksi r&auml;&auml;kima&nbsp; oma kaasamisest ja aktsepteerimisest koolides, mis on halvasti ette valmistatud ja ei ole varustatud trans&otilde;pilaste vastuv&otilde;tmiseks (Ullman, 2016). M&otilde;ningatel juhtudel v&otilde;tavad vanemad ja hooldajad sageli olulise rolli koolis kaasamise propageerimisel kuid liiga sageli s&otilde;ltub see sellest, kas pere toetab v&otilde;i mitte (Neary, 2019).<\/p><p>Iga v&auml;ike laps v&auml;&auml;rib seda, et teda n&auml;hakse ja kuuldakse tema autentse minana ning et ta oleks selliste vastutulelike t&auml;iskasvanute hoole all, kes aitavad tal end klassis kindlalt, turvaliselt, n&auml;htavalt ja kuuluvana tunda. See eeldab, et trans lapsi ja noori suunatakse ning tervitatakse keskkonnas, mis edastab teadmisi soolisest mitmekesisusest ja tugevdab positiivseid, kinnitavaid s&otilde;numeid selle kohta, kes nad on (Steele &amp; Nicholson, 2020).<\/p><h4><strong>2.3.2.4. M&otilde;ju noortele<\/strong><\/h4><p><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Cis<\/a>-normatiivsuse t&otilde;ttu on inimestel m&otilde;nikord raske m&otilde;ista, et on olemas rohkem sooidentiteete ja enesev&auml;ljendusi, mis on osa &uuml;hiskonna mitmekesisusest. See ei ole mingi faas v&otilde;i moondumine, mida saab ravida, see ei l&otilde;hesta &uuml;hiskonda ega anna lastele halba eeskuju. Selline v&auml;&auml;ritim&otilde;istmine v&otilde;ib p&otilde;hjustada ka hirmu v&otilde;i isegi viha trans kogukonna suhtes.<\/p><p>Vale arusaam soost v&otilde;ib p&otilde;hjustada teismelistele raskusi ja ebakindlust oma identiteedi m&auml;&auml;ratlemisel, need v&auml;lised negatiivsed tegurid v&otilde;ivad omakorda viia riskik&auml;itumise, stressi, depressiooni v&otilde;i enesetapuni. Seet&otilde;ttu on &auml;&auml;rmiselt oluline, et iga noor saaks teavet soolise v&otilde;rd&otilde;iguslikkuse kohta.<\/p><p>Lapsele, kes ei ole heteroseksuaalne v&otilde;i <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis-sooline&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Inimene, kelle sooline identiteet on vastavuses s&uuml;nnil m&auml;&auml;ratud sooga. Kirjeldab inimesi, kes ei ole transsoolised.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cis-sooline<\/a>, v&otilde;ib keskkond, kus ta ei tunne end esindatuna v&otilde;i kus ta tunneb end vihatud, avaldada h&auml;vitavat m&otilde;ju. Negatiivne keskkond v&otilde;ib m&otilde;jutada nende vaimset tervist, &otilde;ppimisv&otilde;imet, enesehinnangut ja enesev&auml;&auml;rtuse tunnet. Nad kasvavad &uuml;les keskkonnas, kus poisse ja t&uuml;drukuid jaotatakse kehalise kasvatuse v&otilde;i tervise&otilde;petuse tundides, kus neile &otilde;petatakse, et k&otilde;ik muu kui ema ja isaga perekond ei ole olemas v&otilde;i on &bdquo;vale&#8223;. Muutes vaatenurka ja n&auml;hes inimesi kui erinevaid indiviide, saavad haridust&ouml;&ouml;tajad ja ka k&otilde;ik t&auml;iskasvanud positiivselt m&otilde;jutada seda, kuidas laps m&otilde;istab maailma ja suhtleb &uuml;mbritsevate inimestega. Loodetavasti on tulemuseks inimesed, kes aktsepteerivad ja arvestavad k&otilde;igi inimestega, s&otilde;ltumata nende identiteedist (<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbid, geid, biseksuaalsed, transsoolised kv&auml;&auml;rid jt.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> Primary Hub, n.d.).<\/p><h3><a id=\"post-6478-_Hlk130470328\"><\/a><strong>2.3.3. HEAD N&Auml;ITED<\/strong><\/h3><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6746 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1728\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2.webp 1728w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-300x150.webp 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-1024x512.webp 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-768x384.webp 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-20x10.webp 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-1536x768.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1728px) 100vw, 1728px\"\/><\/p><p>V&auml;ikesed muutused avaldavad suurt m&otilde;ju:<\/p><ul><li>Kuulake last! Esitage k&uuml;simusi ja vestelge, &auml;rge tehke oletusi.<\/li><li>Arvestage sellega, et laps ei pruugi olla heteroseksuaalne ja\/v&otilde;i <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis-sooline&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Inimene, kelle sooline identiteet on vastavuses s&uuml;nnil m&auml;&auml;ratud sooga. Kirjeldab inimesi, kes ei ole transsoolised.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cis-sooline<\/a> ning &auml;rge eeldage, et lapse vanemad on heteroseksuaalsed ja <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>cis<\/a>-soolised.<\/li><li>Olge aktiivne liitlane ja olge valmis seda v&auml;ljendama, harige end.<\/li><li>Andke lastele juhiseid, kuidas nad saavad ennast harida.<\/li><li>Esitage endale samu keerulisi k&uuml;simusi soo ja seksuaalsuse kohta, mida k&uuml;site lapselt.<\/li><li>Kasutage sooneutraalset keelt.<\/li><li>Looge kaasav &otilde;ppekava, mis h&otilde;lmaks soolise mitmekesisuse ja erinevate seksuaalsete orientatsioonide teemasid.<\/li><\/ul><h3><a id=\"post-6478-_Hlk130574756\"><\/a><strong>2.3.4. ALLIKAD<\/strong><\/h3><p>Bauer, G. R., Hammond, R., Travers, R., Kaay, M., Hohenadel, K. M., &amp; Boyce, M. (2009). I don&rsquo;t think this is theoretical; this is our lives: How erasure impacts health care for transgender people. The Journal of the Association of Nurses in <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;AIDS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Omandatud immuunpuudulikkuse s&uuml;ndroom. &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/aids\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">AIDS<\/a> Care: JANAC, 20(5), 348&ndash;361. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jana.2009.07.004\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jana.2009.07.004<\/a><\/p><p>Egale. (2019). What Constitutes Transphobic and Cisnormative Bullying and Harassment. https:\/\/www.gov.nl.ca\/education\/files\/k12_safeandcaring_pdf_transphobic_cisnormative_bullying_harassment.pdf<\/p><p>Israel, G. E., &amp; Tarver, D. E. (1997). Transgender care: Recommended guidelines, practical information, and personal accounts. Temple University Press. <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/transgendercarer0000isra_b7v2\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/transgendercarer0000isra_b7v2<\/a><\/p><p><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Lesbid, geid, biseksuaalsed, transsoolised kv&auml;&auml;rid jt.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> Primary Hub. (n.d.). Heteronormativity &amp; Cisnormativity. 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Trans*+ing Classrooms: The Pedagogy of Refusal as Mediator for Learning. Social Sciences, 5, 34. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/socsci5030034\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/socsci5030034<\/a><\/p><p>Neary, A. (2019). Complicating constructions: Middle-class parents of transgender and gender-diverse children. Journal of Family Studies, 27, 1&ndash;17. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13229400.2019.1650799\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13229400.2019.1650799<\/a><\/p><p>Steele, K., &amp; Nicholson, J. (2020). Radically listening to transgender children: Creating epistemic justice through critical reflection and resistant imaginations. (pp. xii, 179). Lexington Books\/Rowman &amp; Littlefield.<\/p><p>Ullman, J. (2016). Teacher positivity towards gender diversity: Exploring relationships and school outcomes for transgender and gender-diverse students. Sex Education, 17, 1&ndash;14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14681811.2016.1273104<\/p><p>Zambon, V. (2021, February 5). What does &lsquo;transphobia&rsquo; mean? Medical News Today. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/transphobia\">https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/transphobia<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\/*! elementor &ndash; v3.12.2 &ndash; 23-04-2023 *\/ .elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=&rdquo;.svg&rdquo;]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block} \/*! elementor &ndash; v3.12.2 &ndash; 23-04-2023 *\/ .elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(&ndash;spacer-size)}.e-con{&ndash;container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(&ndash;container-widget-width,var(&ndash;spacer-size));&ndash;align-self:var(&ndash;container-widget-align-self,initial);&ndash;flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer&gt;.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con&gt;.elementor-widget-spacer&gt;.elementor-widget-container&gt;.elementor-spacer&gt;.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(&ndash;container-widget-height,var(&ndash;spacer-size))} &Uuml;hiskonna <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cis&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;Ladinakeelne eesliide, mis t&auml;hendab &amp;quot;samal poolel&#8223; ja on seega anton&uuml;&uuml;m s&otilde;nale &amp;quot;trans&#8223;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/glossary\/cis\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cis<\/a>-normatiivsuse t&otilde;ttu seisavad transsoolised lapsed ja noored koolis silmitsi mitmesuguste takistuste, raskuste ja eba&otilde;iglusega. Trans &otilde;pilaste identiteedist tulenev hariduslik ebav&otilde;rdsus m&otilde;jutab nende emotsionaalset ja ps&uuml;hholoogilist tervist ning v&otilde;imet osaleda hariduses. Muutes vaatenurka ja [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":10139,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-10170","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10170"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10170\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10139"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=10170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}