{"id":9524,"date":"2023-04-28T18:21:59","date_gmt":"2023-04-28T18:21:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/7-2-reproductive-rights-8964\/"},"modified":"2023-08-27T15:33:39","modified_gmt":"2023-08-27T15:33:39","slug":"7-2-reproductive-rights-8964","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/docs\/guide-for-families\/7-european-laws-8822\/7-2-reproductive-rights-8964\/","title":{"rendered":"7.2. REPRODUKTIVN\u00cd PR\u00c1VA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9524\" class=\"elementor elementor-9524 elementor-8964\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-656dd37 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"656dd37\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-977089d\" data-id=\"977089d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6515552 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6515552\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_pregnant_woman_with_a_doctor_f5331e2b-cd81-4608-a78a-cb26f9b23a30-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8628\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_pregnant_woman_with_a_doctor_f5331e2b-cd81-4608-a78a-cb26f9b23a30-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_pregnant_woman_with_a_doctor_f5331e2b-cd81-4608-a78a-cb26f9b23a30-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_pregnant_woman_with_a_doctor_f5331e2b-cd81-4608-a78a-cb26f9b23a30-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_pregnant_woman_with_a_doctor_f5331e2b-cd81-4608-a78a-cb26f9b23a30-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_pregnant_woman_with_a_doctor_f5331e2b-cd81-4608-a78a-cb26f9b23a30-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_pregnant_woman_with_a_doctor_f5331e2b-cd81-4608-a78a-cb26f9b23a30.png 1728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e3bbbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0e3bbbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b69142 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b69142\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Reproduktivn&iacute; zdrav&iacute;<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">je stav &uacute;pln&eacute; fyzick&eacute;, du&scaron;evn&iacute; a soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohody ve v&scaron;ech ohledech souvisej&iacute;c&iacute;ch s reproduk&#269;n&iacute;m syst&eacute;mem.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jsou to pr&aacute;va na kontrolu nad vlastn&iacute;m t&#283;lem a rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; o antikoncepci a interrupci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-prava\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va<\/a> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">zahrnuj&iacute; z&aacute;kony a strategie t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute; se antikoncepce, potrat&#367; a p&#345;&iacute;stupu k informac&iacute;m (sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chova, p&eacute;&#269;e, syst&eacute;my soci&aacute;ln&iacute; podpory atd.).<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dostupnost antikoncepce z&aacute;vis&iacute; na p&#345;&iacute;stupu k p&eacute;&#269;i, cenov&eacute; dostupnosti a informovanosti o antikoncep&#269;n&iacute;ch metod&aacute;ch.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pokud jde o nouzovou antikoncepci nebo interrupci, Malta je jedin&yacute;m evropsk&yacute;m st&aacute;tem, kde je tento z&aacute;krok zcela nez&aacute;konn&yacute;.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7073d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d7073d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>7.2.1.<strong> &Uacute;VOD<\/strong><\/h3><p><b>Reproduktivn&iacute; pr&aacute;va<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> jsou pr&aacute;va kontroly nad vlastn&iacute;m t&#283;lem a rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; o antikoncepci a potratech. <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;WHO&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Sv&#283;tov&aacute; zdravotnick&aacute; organizace&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/who\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>WHO<\/a> (2018) definuje <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jsou to pr&aacute;va na kontrolu nad vlastn&iacute;m t&#283;lem a rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; o antikoncepci a interrupci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-prava\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va<\/a> takto:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jsou to pr&aacute;va na kontrolu nad vlastn&iacute;m t&#283;lem a rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; o antikoncepci a interrupci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-prava\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va<\/a> spo&#269;&iacute;vaj&iacute; v uzn&aacute;n&iacute; z&aacute;kladn&iacute;ho pr&aacute;va v&scaron;ech p&aacute;r&#367; a jednotlivc&#367; se svobodn&#283; a zodpov&#283;dn&#283; rozhodovat o po&#269;tu, &#269;asov&eacute;m rozmez&iacute; a dob&#283; narozen&iacute; d&#283;t&iacute; a m&iacute;t k tomu informace a prost&#345;edky, jako&#382; i pr&aacute;va na dosa&#382;en&iacute; nejvy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute; &uacute;rovn&#283; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ho a reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ho zdrav&iacute;. Zahrnuj&iacute; tak&eacute; pr&aacute;vo v&scaron;ech &#269;init rozhodnut&iacute; t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute; se reprodukce bez <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Diskriminace&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lze ji definovat jako nerovn&eacute; nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; zach&aacute;zen&iacute; s ur&#269;itou osobou nebo se skupinou osob v d&#367;sledku p&#345;edsudk&#367;. Nejedn&aacute; se pouze o odsudky nebo nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; pocity, ale o projevy nesn&aacute;&scaron;enlivosti, kter&eacute; spo&#269;&iacute;vaj&iacute; v odm&iacute;t&aacute;n&iacute; a\/nebo vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; osob, v&#367;&#269;i nim&#382; m&aacute; &#269;lov&#283;k p&#345;edsudky. It is not only judgements or unfavourable feelings but acts of intolerance that consist of rejecting and\/or excluding people against whom one is prejudiced. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/diskriminace\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">diskriminace<\/a>, n&aacute;tlaku a <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;N&aacute;sil&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o z&aacute;va&#382;n&eacute; poru&scaron;en&iacute; lidsk&yacute;ch pr&aacute;v, kter&eacute; omezuje pr&aacute;vo lid&iacute; na &#382;ivot, svobodu, bezpe&#269;nost, d&#367;stojnost, du&scaron;evn&iacute; a t&#283;lesnou integritu a nediskriminaci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/nasili\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">n&aacute;sil&iacute;<\/a> (<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;WHO&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Sv&#283;tov&aacute; zdravotnick&aacute; organizace&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/who\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>WHO<\/a>, 2018).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jsou to pr&aacute;va na kontrolu nad vlastn&iacute;m t&#283;lem a rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; o antikoncepci a interrupci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-prava\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va<\/a> zahrnuj&iacute; pr&aacute;vo na p&#345;&iacute;stup k informac&iacute;m, pr&aacute;vo na autonomii t&#283;la, pr&aacute;vo &#269;init rozhodnut&iacute; t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute; se antikoncepce a reprodukce bez <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Diskriminace&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lze ji definovat jako nerovn&eacute; nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; zach&aacute;zen&iacute; s ur&#269;itou osobou nebo se skupinou osob v d&#367;sledku p&#345;edsudk&#367;. Nejedn&aacute; se pouze o odsudky nebo nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; pocity, ale o projevy nesn&aacute;&scaron;enlivosti, kter&eacute; spo&#269;&iacute;vaj&iacute; v odm&iacute;t&aacute;n&iacute; a\/nebo vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; osob, v&#367;&#269;i nim&#382; m&aacute; &#269;lov&#283;k p&#345;edsudky. It is not only judgements or unfavourable feelings but acts of intolerance that consist of rejecting and\/or excluding people against whom one is prejudiced. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/diskriminace\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">diskriminace<\/a>. Ka&#382;d&yacute; st&aacute;t se rozhoduje pro &uacute;pravu, kter&aacute; bude platit v jeho zemi.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Krom&#283; toho <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;WHO&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Sv&#283;tov&aacute; zdravotnick&aacute; organizace&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/who\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>WHO<\/a> (n.d.) definuje <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; zdrav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Ozna&#269;uje stav &uacute;pln&eacute; fyzick&eacute;, du&scaron;evn&iacute; a soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohody ve v&scaron;ech z&aacute;le&#382;itostech t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute;ch se reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ho syst&eacute;mu.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-zdravi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">reproduk&#269;n&iacute; zdrav&iacute;<\/a> jako stav &uacute;pln&eacute; fyzick&eacute;, du&scaron;evn&iacute; a soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohody ve v&scaron;ech ohledech souvisej&iacute;c&iacute;ch s reproduk&#269;n&iacute;m syst&eacute;mem se v&scaron;emi funkcemi a procesy, kter&eacute; zahrnuje.<\/span><\/p><h3>7.2.2.<strong> ROZVOJ T&Eacute;MATU<\/strong><\/h3><h4><span style=\"font-size: 20.8px;\">7.2.2<\/span><strong>.1.&nbsp;<\/strong><b>Evropsk&aacute; pr&aacute;va a na&#345;&iacute;zen&iacute;<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;i diskuzi o reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ch pr&aacute;vech je mo&#382;n&eacute; vz&iacute;t v &uacute;vahu n&aacute;sleduj&iacute;c&iacute; faktory:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;&iacute;stup k informac&iacute;m o antikoncepci.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;&iacute;stup k sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chov&#283; a vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; o reproduk&#269;n&iacute;m zdrav&iacute;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;&iacute;stup k sexu&aacute;ln&#283;-zdravotn&iacute; p&eacute;&#269;i a pr&aacute;v&#367;m v oblasti sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ho zdrav&iacute;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;&iacute;stup k potrat&#367;m (nouzov&aacute; antikoncepce, bezpe&#269;n&eacute; potraty).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;i rozhovoru s d&#283;tmi\/dosp&iacute;vaj&iacute;c&iacute;mi na t&eacute;ma reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ho zdrav&iacute; zd&#367;razn&#283;te skute&#269;nost, &#382;e se jedn&aacute; o komplexn&iacute; pojem, kter&yacute; zahrnuje mimo jin&eacute; p&#345;&iacute;stup k informac&iacute;m, p&#345;&iacute;stup k antikoncepci, zdravotnick&yacute;m slu&#382;b&aacute;m souvisej&iacute;c&iacute;m s reproduk&#269;n&iacute;m zdrav&iacute;m a du&scaron;evn&iacute; a fyzick&eacute; zdrav&iacute;.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I kdy&#382; se evropsk&eacute; zem&#283; mohou &#345;&iacute;dit vzorem nebo pokyny navr&#382;en&yacute;mi evropsk&yacute;mi institucemi, zp&#367;sob tvorby z&aacute;kon&#367; a politik je v&#382;dy ovlivn&#283;n soci&aacute;ln&iacute;m, kulturn&iacute;m a ekonomick&yacute;m z&aacute;zem&iacute;m dan&eacute; zem&#283;.<\/span><\/p><h4><span style=\"font-size: 20.8px;\">7.2.2<\/span><strong>.2.&nbsp;<\/strong><b>Antikoncepce<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Na cel&eacute;m sv&#283;t&#283; je vyvinuto na 14 typ&#367; antikoncep&#269;n&iacute;ch metod a n&aacute;stroj&#367; (v z&aacute;vislosti na &#269;&aacute;sti sv&#283;ta). N&#283;kter&eacute; z nich jsou:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pesar&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o silikonovou &#269;epi&#269;ku, kter&aacute; se zav&aacute;d&iacute; do pochvy p&#345;ed pohlavn&iacute;m stykem. Jej&iacute; princip spo&#269;&iacute;v&aacute; v tom, &#382;e &#269;epi&#269;ka zakr&yacute;v&aacute; d&#283;lo&#382;n&iacute; hrdlo a vytv&aacute;&#345;&iacute; takovou bari&eacute;ru, p&#345;es kterou spermie nemohou proniknout do d&#283;lohy a oplodnit vaj&iacute;&#269;ko. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pesar\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Pesar<\/a><\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kondomy<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antikoncep&#269;n&iacute; implant&aacute;t<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antikoncep&#269;n&iacute; injekce<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antikoncep&#269;n&iacute; pilulky<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#381;ensk&eacute; kondomy<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Vagin&aacute;ln&iacute; krou&#382;ek&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o m&#283;kk&yacute; plastov&yacute; krou&#382;ek, kter&yacute; se zav&aacute;d&iacute; do pochvy a kter&yacute; uvol&#328;uje estrogen a progesteron, aby zabr&aacute;nil ot&#283;hotn&#283;n&iacute;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/vaginalni-krouzek\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vagin&aacute;ln&iacute; krou&#382;ek<\/a><\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vasektomie<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Nitrod&#283;lo&#382;n&iacute; t&#283;l&iacute;sko&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o mal&yacute; p&#345;edm&#283;t zaveden&yacute; do d&#283;lohy, kter&yacute; m&#367;&#382;e p&#367;sobit hormon&aacute;ln&#283; nebo nehormon&aacute;ln&#283;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/nitrodelozni-telisko\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nitrod&#283;lo&#382;n&iacute; t&#283;l&iacute;sko<\/a> hormon&aacute;ln&iacute; &#269;i nehormon&aacute;ln&iacute;<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kdy&#382; hovo&#345;&iacute;me o p&#345;&iacute;stupu k modern&iacute;m metod&aacute;m antikoncepce, m&aacute;me na mysli celkovou dostupnost, cenovou dostupnost a informovanost o t&#283;chto metod&aacute;ch &ndash; to vypl&yacute;v&aacute; ze studie <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Atlas antikoncepce 2020<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, kterou provedlo F&oacute;rum evropsk&yacute;ch poslanc&#367; pro populaci a rozvoj (EPF) ve spolupr&aacute;ci se skupinou renomovan&yacute;ch odborn&iacute;k&#367; v oblasti antikoncepce. Studie uk&aacute;zala, &#382;e procento dostupnosti antikoncepce se v jednotliv&yacute;ch zem&iacute;ch li&scaron;&iacute;, p&#345;i&#269;em&#382; jako zem&#283; s nejvy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute; dostupnost&iacute; antikoncepce byla uvedena Belgie (96,4 %) a Polsko s nejmen&scaron;&iacute; dostupnost&iacute; antikoncepce (35,1 %) (Statista, 2020).<\/span><\/p><p><b>Nouzov&aacute; antikoncepce<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (&bdquo;pohotovostn&iacute; antikoncepce&ldquo; nebo &bdquo;pilulky po&ldquo;) jsou formy antikoncepce, kter&eacute; jsou &uacute;&#269;inn&eacute;, pokud jsou pod&aacute;ny po ur&#269;it&eacute; dob&#283; od pohlavn&iacute;ho styku. Nej&#269;ast&#283;ji se nouzov&aacute; antikoncepce vyskytuje ve form&#283; pilulek a jej&iacute; regulace a dostupnost z&aacute;vis&iacute; na dan&eacute; zemi. V n&#283;kter&yacute;ch zem&iacute;ch je k jej&iacute;mu z&iacute;sk&aacute;n&iacute; nutn&yacute; l&eacute;ka&#345;sk&yacute; p&#345;edpis, kter&yacute; zahrnuje n&aacute;v&scaron;t&#283;vu l&eacute;ka&#345;e, zat&iacute;mco v jin&yacute;ch zem&iacute;ch je dostupn&aacute; v l&eacute;k&aacute;rn&aacute;ch, drogeri&iacute;ch nebo jin&yacute;ch typech prodejen. Existuj&iacute; v&scaron;ak zem&#283;, kter&eacute; p&#345;ed prodejem t&eacute;to antikoncepce vy&#382;aduj&iacute; t&#283;hotensk&yacute; test, a tak&eacute; zem&#283;, kter&eacute; ji v&#367;bec nenab&iacute;zej&iacute; jako mo&#382;nost.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Z nejnov&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;ch politik v Evrop&#283; vypl&yacute;v&aacute;, &#382;e v&#283;t&scaron;ina zem&iacute; zp&#345;&iacute;stupnila nouzovou antikoncepci v l&eacute;k&aacute;rn&aacute;ch (Rakousko, Rumunsko, &Scaron;pan&#283;lsko, Velk&aacute; Brit&aacute;nie, Nizozemsko atd.). P&#345;esto n&#283;kter&eacute; zem&#283; vy&#382;adovaly minim&aacute;ln&iacute; v&#283;k pro n&aacute;kup, v It&aacute;lii a Chorvatsku alespo&#328; 18 let, v Polsku nejm&eacute;n&#283; 15 let. V posledn&iacute;ch letech It&aacute;lie v&#283;kov&eacute; omezen&iacute; zru&scaron;ila, zat&iacute;mco Polsko znovu zavedlo dostupnost&nbsp; pouze na l&eacute;ka&#345;sk&yacute; p&#345;edpis po n&aacute;v&scaron;t&#283;v&#283; l&eacute;ka&#345;e. V Ma&#271;arsku a Polsku z&#367;stala nouzov&aacute; antikoncepce na p&#345;edpis a na Malt&#283; nen&iacute; registrov&aacute;na ani dostupn&aacute; (European Consortium for Emergency Contraception, n.d.).<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/3-sexual-health-6355\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V&iacute;ce informac&iacute; o antikoncep&#269;n&iacute;ch metod&aacute;ch si m&#367;&#382;ete p&#345;e&#269;&iacute;st v t&eacute;matu 3.<\/span><\/a><\/p><h4><span style=\"font-size: 20.8px;\">7.2.2<\/span><strong>.3.&nbsp;<\/strong><b>Interrupce (um&#283;l&eacute; p&#345;eru&scaron;en&iacute; t&#283;hotenstv&iacute;)<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interrup&#269;n&iacute; z&aacute;kony v Evrop&#283; plat&iacute; od po&#269;&aacute;tku 20. stolet&iacute;, p&#345;i&#269;em&#382; st&aacute;ty, kter&eacute; legalizovaly nebo dekriminalizovaly potraty (nap&#345;. Polsko v roce 1932). Podle Centra pro <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jsou to pr&aacute;va na kontrolu nad vlastn&iacute;m t&#283;lem a rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; o antikoncepci a interrupci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-prava\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va<\/a> byly potraty legalizov&aacute;ny\/dekriminalizov&aacute;ny ve v&#283;t&scaron;in&#283; evropsk&yacute;ch st&aacute;t&#367; do roku 1990. Existuj&iacute; v&scaron;ak st&aacute;ty, kter&eacute; za&#269;aly interrupce regulovat mnohem pozd&#283;ji, nap&#345;&iacute;klad Irsko (2013) a Severn&iacute; Irsko (2019). V sou&#269;asn&eacute; dob&#283; existuje pouze jeden evropsk&yacute; st&aacute;t, kter&yacute; interrupce zakazuje za jak&yacute;chkoliv okolnost&iacute;. <\/span><b>Malta je jedin&yacute;m evropsk&yacute;m st&aacute;tem s &uacute;pln&yacute;m z&aacute;kazem tohoto z&aacute;kroku<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Polsko je druh&yacute;m evropsk&yacute;m st&aacute;tem, kter&yacute; rozhodl ve prosp&#283;ch z&aacute;kona zakazuj&iacute;c&iacute;ho interrupce s v&yacute;jimkou zn&aacute;siln&#283;n&iacute;, incestu nebo pokud by byl ohro&#382;en &#382;ivot matky, co&#382; se bl&iacute;&#382;&iacute; &uacute;pln&eacute;mu z&aacute;kazu (Centre for Reproductive Rights, 2021).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Na spole&#269;ensk&eacute; &uacute;rovni studie proveden&aacute; v roce 2021 Centrem pro <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jsou to pr&aacute;va na kontrolu nad vlastn&iacute;m t&#283;lem a rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; o antikoncepci a interrupci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-prava\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va<\/a> (rozd&#283;len&iacute; populace na bin&aacute;rn&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a>, mu&#382;e a &#382;eny) uk&aacute;zala, &#382;e pokud jde o n&aacute;zor na pr&aacute;vo na interrupci, 43 % mu&#382;&#367; a 56 % &#382;en souhlas&iacute; s t&iacute;m, &#382;e interrupce by m&#283;la b&yacute;t provedena, pokud se &#382;ena rozhodne, &#382;e ji chce podstoupit. O n&#283;co v&iacute;ce ne&#382; 20 % v obou kategori&iacute;ch (mu&#382;i i &#382;eny) souhlasilo s t&iacute;m, &#382;e interrupce by m&#283;la b&yacute;t prov&aacute;d&#283;na pouze za ur&#269;it&yacute;ch okolnost&iacute;, a 10 % &#382;en a 14 % mu&#382;&#367; uvedlo, &#382;e by nem&#283;la b&yacute;t povolena v&#367;bec (Centre for Reproductive Rights, 2021).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V posledn&iacute;m p&#345;&iacute;pad&#283; Polska si 33 % obyvatel mysl&iacute;, &#382;e &#382;eny maj&iacute; pr&aacute;vo volby, kdy&#382; cht&#283;j&iacute; podstoupit interrupci, zat&iacute;mco 43 % se domn&iacute;v&aacute;, &#382;e jej&iacute; proveden&iacute; ospravedl&#328;uj&iacute; pouze ur&#269;it&eacute; okolnosti (nap&#345;. zn&aacute;siln&#283;n&iacute;). Zbytek populace (6 %) uvedl, &#382;e interrupce by nem&#283;la b&yacute;t povolena za &#382;&aacute;dn&yacute;ch okolnost&iacute;, 8 % by jej povolilo pouze v p&#345;&iacute;pad&#283; ohro&#382;en&iacute; &#382;ivota matky a 12 % rad&#283;ji neodpov&#283;d&#283;lo v&#367;bec.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Podle <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;WHO&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Sv&#283;tov&aacute; zdravotnick&aacute; organizace&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/who\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>WHO<\/a> (2018) lze zabr&aacute;nit 25 % &uacute;mrt&iacute; matek, pokud by v&scaron;echny &#382;eny, kter&eacute; se cht&#283;j&iacute; vyhnout t&#283;hotenstv&iacute;, m&#283;ly p&#345;&iacute;stup k modern&iacute;m antikoncep&#269;n&iacute;m metod&aacute;m.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;esto&#382;e v&#283;t&scaron;ina st&aacute;t&#367; v Evrop&#283; m&aacute; zajistit p&#345;&iacute;stup k bezpe&#269;n&yacute;m interrupc&iacute;m, &#345;ada st&aacute;t&#367;, kter&eacute; interrupci na &#382;&aacute;dost poskytuj&iacute;, odm&iacute;t&aacute; v realit&#283; tyto slu&#382;by poskytnout nebo vy&#382;aduje dlouh&yacute; proces, kter&yacute; m&#367;&#382;e zahrnovat zahanben&iacute; a vyvol&aacute;n&iacute; pocitu viny doty&#269;n&eacute; osoby.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D&#283;ti\/dosp&iacute;vaj&iacute;c&iacute; by m&#283;li zn&aacute;t sv&eacute; mo&#382;nosti a dostupn&eacute; zdravotnick&eacute; slu&#382;by, aby m&#283;li mo&#382;nost napl&#328;ovat sv&eacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; zdrav&iacute; a&nbsp; m&iacute;t p&#345;&iacute;stup k reproduk&#269;n&iacute;m pr&aacute;v&#367;m.<\/span><\/p><h3><i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-right\"><\/i> &ndash; 7.2.3. DISKRIMINA&#268;N&Iacute; SITUACE K T&Eacute;MATU &ndash; <i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-left\"><\/i><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patn&aacute;ctilet&aacute; d&iacute;vka zjistila, &#382;e je t&#283;hotn&aacute;. Dostala strach a nev&#283;d&#283;la, co m&aacute; d&#283;lat. Nev&#283;d&#283;la, kde po&#382;&aacute;dat o pomoc. &#381;ije v prost&#345;ed&iacute;, kde je interrupce stigmatizov&aacute;na a &#269;lov&#283;k se styd&iacute; za jakoukoliv sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; aktivitu, pokud nen&iacute; vdan&aacute;\/&#382;enat&yacute;. Nev&iacute;, kde naj&iacute;t informace o t&#283;hotenstv&iacute; a interrupci, jak cel&yacute; proces prob&iacute;h&aacute;, jak&aacute; jsou s n&iacute;m spojen&aacute; rizika a v&scaron;echny faktory, kter&eacute; by mohly ovlivnit jej&iacute; rozhodnut&iacute; a jej&iacute; du&scaron;evn&iacute; a fyzick&eacute; zdrav&iacute;. Mluvit s p&#345;&aacute;teli nep&#345;ipadalo v &uacute;vahu, proto&#382;e o mo&#382;n&yacute;ch variant&aacute;ch nic nev&#283;d&#283;la a kv&#367;li obav&#283;, &#382;e by se informace o jej&iacute;m t&#283;hotenstv&iacute; roz&scaron;&iacute;&#345;ila.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proto&#382;e &#382;ije na pom&#283;rn&#283; izolovan&eacute;m m&iacute;st&#283;, bez p&#345;&iacute;stupu k sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chov&#283;, &#345;&aacute;dn&eacute; p&eacute;&#269;i o sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; zdrav&iacute; nebo dokonce syst&eacute;mu podpory, nev&#283;d&#283;la, co m&aacute; d&#283;lat, a sna&#382;ila se naj&iacute;t &#345;e&scaron;en&iacute; na internetu. Do&#269;etla se, &#382;e pit&iacute; n&#283;kter&yacute;ch &#269;istic&iacute;ch prost&#345;edk&#367; m&#367;&#382;e vyvolat reakci, kter&aacute; zp&#367;sob&iacute; potrat. V domn&#283;n&iacute;, &#382;e j&iacute; do&scaron;ly v&scaron;echny ostatn&iacute; mo&#382;nosti, tak u&#269;inila.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zkuste si jako rodi&#269;e promluvit o sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chov&#283;, reprodukci a reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ch pr&aacute;vech. Vysv&#283;tlete z&aacute;kladn&iacute; principy, co by d&#283;ti\/dosp&iacute;vaj&iacute;c&iacute; m&#283;li v&#283;d&#283;t, aby byli v bezpe&#269;&iacute; (psychick&eacute;m i fyzick&eacute;m), jak funguje antikoncepce a jak&eacute; by byly d&#367;sledky nebo mo&#382;nosti p&#345;&iacute;padn&eacute;ho t&#283;hotenstv&iacute; v zemi, kde &#382;ijete. Pokuste se zamyslet nad p&#345;&iacute;stupem k informac&iacute;m, p&#345;&iacute;stupem ke zdravotn&iacute; p&eacute;&#269;i, k nouzov&eacute; antikoncepci a k l&eacute;ka&#345;&#367;m, kter&eacute; lze kontaktovat kv&#367;li sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;mu zdrav&iacute;. Pokud o tomto t&eacute;matu nem&aacute;te &#382;&aacute;dn&eacute; znalosti, zkuste vyhledat zdroje informac&iacute; od nevl&aacute;dn&iacute;ch organizac&iacute; ve va&scaron;em okol&iacute;, zdravotnick&yacute;ch st&#345;edisek, nebo vzd&#283;lavatel&#367; v oblasti sexuality apod.<\/span><\/p><h3>7.2.4.<strong> P&#344;&Iacute;KLADY DOBR&Eacute; PRAXE<\/strong><\/h3><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-8532 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1728\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png 1728w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1536x768.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1728px) 100vw, 1728px\"\/><\/p><h4><span style=\"font-size: 20.8px;\">7.2.4<\/span><strong>.1. <b>Vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; v oblasti reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ch pr&aacute;v<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M&#283;jte na pam&#283;ti, &#382;e d&#283;ti\/dosp&iacute;vaj&iacute;c&iacute; ve sv&eacute;m &#382;ivot&#283; budou &#345;e&scaron;it situace souvisej&iacute;c&iacute; s reproduk&#269;n&iacute;mi pr&aacute;vy (nebo budou zn&aacute;t n&#283;koho, kdo takovou situac&iacute; proch&aacute;z&iacute;), co&#382; m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t cokoliv od nouzov&eacute; antikoncepce, informac&iacute; o t&#283;hotenstv&iacute;, emocion&aacute;ln&iacute; podpory nebo jak&eacute;hokoliv typu p&eacute;&#269;e, kterou mohou pot&#345;ebovat. Z tohoto d&#367;vodu je lep&scaron;&iacute; zabr&aacute;nit &scaron;&iacute;&#345;en&iacute; dezinformac&iacute; nebo myln&yacute;ch p&#345;edstav a otev&#345;en&#283; s nimi o tomto t&eacute;matu hovo&#345;it. N&#283;jak&eacute; informace t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute; se reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ho zdrav&iacute; se k nim dostanou tak &#269;i onak a je vhodn&eacute;, aby poch&aacute;zely z p&#345;esn&yacute;ch zdroj&#367;, kter&eacute; nestigmatizuj&iacute;, nezahanbuj&iacute; a nesna&#382;&iacute; se v nich vyvolat pocit viny. Sna&#382;te se zam&#283;&#345;it na p&#345;ed&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; p&#345;esn&yacute;ch informac&iacute; a na podporu, kterou m&#367;&#382;ete nab&iacute;dnout.<\/span><\/p><h4><span style=\"font-size: 20.8px;\">7.2.4<\/span><strong>.2.&nbsp;<\/strong><b>Vyhn&#283;te se vyvol&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; pocitu studu a viny<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vzhledem k tomu, &#382;e ka&#382;d&aacute; (nejen) evropsk&aacute; zem&#283; m&aacute; z&aacute;konnou pravomoc rozhodovat o z&aacute;konech a p&#345;edpisech t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute;ch se reprodukce, m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t p&#345;&iacute;stup k informac&iacute;m a odborn&iacute;k&#367;m na <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; zdrav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Ozna&#269;uje stav &uacute;pln&eacute; fyzick&eacute;, du&scaron;evn&iacute; a soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohody ve v&scaron;ech z&aacute;le&#382;itostech t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute;ch se reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ho syst&eacute;mu.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-zdravi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">reproduk&#269;n&iacute; zdrav&iacute;<\/a> n&#283;jak&yacute;m zp&#367;sobem omezen&yacute;. P&#345;i konfrontaci s takovou situac&iacute;, bez ohledu na to, zda jste v roli vychovatele a\/nebo u&#269;itele, se sna&#382;te vyhnout tomu, abyste doty&#269;nou osobu za to, co ud&#283;lala, zahanbili, a zkuste se zam&#283;&#345;it na to, abyste j&iacute; nab&iacute;dli svou podporu. Snaha vyvolat v dan&eacute; osob&#283; pocit viny nebo studu by m&#283;la pouze negativn&iacute; &uacute;&#269;inek, p&#345;&iacute;padn&#283; by je p&#345;im&#283;la k tomu, aby p&#345;ed v&aacute;mi n&#283;kter&eacute; informace zatajily nebo aby se v budoucnu vyhnuly &#382;&aacute;dosti o pomoc. Nem&#367;&#382;ete zm&#283;nit to, co se stalo, ale co m&#367;&#382;ete ud&#283;lat, je nab&iacute;dnout podporu, aby p&#345;&iacute;&scaron;t&#283; tato osoba mohla b&yacute;t informovan&#283;j&scaron;&iacute; a mohla v&#283;d&#283;t, kde z&iacute;skat p&#345;&iacute;stup ke slu&#382;b&aacute;m nebo informac&iacute;m, kter&eacute; by mohla pot&#345;ebovat.<\/span><\/p><h3>7.2.5.<strong> REFERENCE<\/strong><\/h3><p>Centre for Reproductive Rights (2021).&nbsp;The World&rsquo;s Abortion Laws. Centre for Reproductive Rights. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/reproductiverights.org\/maps\/worlds-abortion-laws\/\">https:\/\/reproductiverights.org\/maps\/worlds-abortion-laws\/<\/a>.<\/p><p>European Consortium or Emergency Contraception (n.d.). Emergency Contraception Availability in Europe. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ec-ec.org\/emergency-contraception-in-europe\/emergency-contraception-availability-in-europe\/\">https:\/\/www.ec-ec.org\/emergency-contraception-in-europe\/emergency-contraception-availability-in-europe\/<\/a>.<\/p><p>NHS Inform (2022).<em> The different types of contraception<\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhsinform.scot\/healthy-living\/contraception\/getting-started\/the-different-types-of-contraception\">https:\/\/www.nhsinform.scot\/healthy-living\/contraception\/getting-started\/the-different-types-of-contraception<\/a>.<\/p><p>Statista (2020).<em> Contraception accessibility in European countries<\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1268189\/access-to-modern-contraception-in-europe-by-country\/\">https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1268189\/access-to-modern-contraception-in-europe-by-country\/<\/a>.<\/p><p>&zwnj;<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;WHO&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Sv&#283;tov&aacute; zdravotnick&aacute; organizace&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/who\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>WHO<\/a> (2018).&nbsp;<em>Reproductive health<\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/westernpacific\/health-topics\/reproductive-health\">https:\/\/www.who.int\/westernpacific\/health-topics\/reproductive-health<\/a>.<\/p><p><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;WHO&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Sv&#283;tov&aacute; zdravotnick&aacute; organizace&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/who\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>WHO<\/a> (n.d.).<em> <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sexual health&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o zna&#269;n&#283; komplexn&iacute; stav pohody a zahrnuje v&iacute;ce ne&#382; jen nep&#345;&iacute;tomnost pohlavn&#283; p&#345;enosn&yacute;ch chorob nebo nemoc&iacute; STD. Dle WHO diskuze o sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;m zdrav&iacute; vy&#382;aduje pozitivn&iacute; a respektuj&iacute;c&iacute; p&#345;&iacute;stup, kter&yacute; umo&#382;&#328;uje sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; interakce a p&#345;&iacute;jemn&eacute; z&aacute;&#382;itky, je&#382; jsou bezpe&#269;n&eacute; a bez n&aacute;tlaku, diskriminace a n&aacute;sil&iacute;. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/sexual-health\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sexual health<\/a><\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/sexual-health#tab=tab_3\">https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/sexual-health#tab=tab_3<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reproduktivn&iacute; zdrav&iacute; je stav &uacute;pln&eacute; fyzick&eacute;, du&scaron;evn&iacute; a soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohody ve v&scaron;ech ohledech souvisej&iacute;c&iacute;ch s reproduk&#269;n&iacute;m syst&eacute;mem. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jsou to pr&aacute;va na kontrolu nad vlastn&iacute;m t&#283;lem a rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; o antikoncepci a interrupci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/reprodukcni-prava\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Reproduk&#269;n&iacute; pr&aacute;va<\/a> zahrnuj&iacute; z&aacute;kony a strategie t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute; se antikoncepce, potrat&#367; a p&#345;&iacute;stupu k informac&iacute;m (sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chova, p&eacute;&#269;e, syst&eacute;my soci&aacute;ln&iacute; podpory atd.). Dostupnost antikoncepce z&aacute;vis&iacute; na p&#345;&iacute;stupu k p&eacute;&#269;i, cenov&eacute; dostupnosti a informovanosti o antikoncep&#269;n&iacute;ch metod&aacute;ch. Pokud jde o [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":10094,"menu_order":26,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-9524","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/9524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9524"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/9524\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10094"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=9524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}