{"id":9466,"date":"2023-04-04T17:41:39","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T17:41:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/5-communication-6361\/5-1-how-to-communicate-educators-students-6494\/"},"modified":"2023-05-08T15:08:15","modified_gmt":"2023-05-08T15:08:15","slug":"5-1-how-to-communicate-educators-students-6494","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/5-communication-6361\/5-1-how-to-communicate-educators-students-6494\/","title":{"rendered":"5.1. JAK KOMUNIKOVAT: RODI\u010c &#8211; D\u00cdT\u011a\/DOSP\u00cdVAJ\u00cdC\u00cd"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9466\" class=\"elementor elementor-9466 elementor-6494\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e57c20e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2e57c20e\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c96415d\" data-id=\"2c96415d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f6fa7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5f6fa7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_a_kid_and_an_educator_talking_cartoon_aesthetic_3f2f3cad-a956-499f-a7d0-2036d0a0d4ca_1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9365\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_a_kid_and_an_educator_talking_cartoon_aesthetic_3f2f3cad-a956-499f-a7d0-2036d0a0d4ca_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_a_kid_and_an_educator_talking_cartoon_aesthetic_3f2f3cad-a956-499f-a7d0-2036d0a0d4ca_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_a_kid_and_an_educator_talking_cartoon_aesthetic_3f2f3cad-a956-499f-a7d0-2036d0a0d4ca_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_a_kid_and_an_educator_talking_cartoon_aesthetic_3f2f3cad-a956-499f-a7d0-2036d0a0d4ca_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_a_kid_and_an_educator_talking_cartoon_aesthetic_3f2f3cad-a956-499f-a7d0-2036d0a0d4ca_1-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_a_kid_and_an_educator_talking_cartoon_aesthetic_3f2f3cad-a956-499f-a7d0-2036d0a0d4ca_1.png 1728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b60706 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1b60706\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c9731f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c9731f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vytvo&#345;en&iacute; bezpe&#269;n&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;ho prostoru pro experimentov&aacute;n&iacute; s genderovou identitou a s genderov&yacute;m vyj&aacute;d&#345;en&iacute;m m&#367;&#382;e m&iacute;t velk&yacute; vliv na &#382;ivot dosp&iacute;vaj&iacute;c&iacute;ch.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vzd&#283;l&aacute;vejte se v oblasti genderov&eacute; rovnosti, genderov&eacute; identity a genderov&eacute;ho vyj&aacute;d&#345;en&iacute;, abyste mohli b&yacute;t sv&yacute;m d&#283;tem k dispozici, kdy&#382; objevuj&iacute;, k&yacute;m jsou, a rostou.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Je d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; vytvo&#345;it prost&#345;ed&iacute;, ve kter&eacute;m mohou va&scaron;e d&#283;ti svobodn&#283; kl&aacute;st ot&aacute;zky t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute; se <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a>, genderov&yacute;ch rol&iacute;\/identity\/vyj&aacute;d&#345;en&iacute;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ka&#382;d&eacute; d&iacute;t&#283; m&aacute; jin&yacute; styl komunikace. &#268;&iacute;m d&#345;&iacute;ve jej identifikujete, t&iacute;m rychleji jim m&#367;&#382;ete b&yacute;t k dispozici a podpo&#345;it je zp&#367;sobem, kter&yacute; je pro n&#283; nejefektivn&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47855767 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47855767\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>5.1.1.<strong> &Uacute;VOD<\/strong><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rovnost <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a> lze vyu&#269;ovat a tak&eacute; j&iacute; dos&aacute;hnout, pokud existuje porozum&#283;n&iacute; genderov&yacute;m a sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;m identit&aacute;m. Abychom mohli mluvit o rovnosti, je t&#345;eba v&#283;d&#283;t, kter&eacute; skupiny v populaci nemaj&iacute; stejn&aacute; privilegia &#269;i p&#345;&iacute;le&#382;itosti jako jejich vrstevnice a vrstevn&iacute;ci. K tomu m&#367;&#382;e pomoci pochopen&iacute; procesu porozum&#283;n&iacute; nebo objevov&aacute;n&iacute; vlastn&iacute;ho <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a> a genderu, kter&eacute; pak napom&aacute;h&aacute; porozum&#283;n&iacute; r&#367;znorodosti genderov&yacute;ch a sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch identit.<\/span><\/p><h3>5.1.2.<strong> ROZVOJ T&Eacute;MATU<\/strong><\/h3><h4><strong>5.1.2.1. <b>Utv&aacute;&#345;en&iacute; bezpe&#269;n&eacute;ho prostoru<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dos&aacute;hnout prostoru, kter&yacute; je 100% bezpe&#269;n&yacute;, se m&#367;&#382;e zd&aacute;t velmi n&aacute;ro&#269;n&eacute;. P&#345;esto m&#367;&#382;eme vytvo&#345;it bezpe&#269;n&yacute; prostor, kde se ka&#382;d&yacute; m&#367;&#382;e c&iacute;tit, &#382;e se m&#367;&#382;e vyj&aacute;d&#345;it a sd&iacute;let sv&eacute; my&scaron;lenky, p&#345;&aacute;n&iacute; a pot&#345;eby beze strachu z odsouzen&iacute;.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V procesu vytv&aacute;&#345;en&iacute; bezpe&#269;n&eacute;ho prostoru:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sna&#382;te se uv&#283;domit si privilegia a mocensk&eacute; struktury.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Berte v &uacute;vahu prost&#345;ed&iacute;, ve kter&eacute;m se d&#283;ti nach&aacute;zej&iacute;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vytv&aacute;&#345;ejte pro n&#283; p&#345;&iacute;le&#382;itosti k &uacute;&#269;asti na v&yacute;m&#283;n&#283; znalost&iacute;. Vyu&#382;&iacute;vejte hry\/knihy\/aktivity, kter&eacute; jim poskytnou n&aacute;stroje k jedn&aacute;n&iacute;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu&#271;te empati&#269;t&iacute; a aktivn&#283; naslouchejte tomu, co maj&iacute; na srdci.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dejte ka&#382;d&eacute;mu pot&#345;ebn&yacute; prostor a &#269;as. N&#283;kter&yacute;m d&#283;tem trv&aacute; d&eacute;le, ne&#382; se c&iacute;t&iacute; dostate&#269;n&#283; pohodln&#283;, aby se mohly aktivn&#283; zapojit do diskuze.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uzn&aacute;vejte a oce&#328;ujte p&#345;&iacute;nos ka&#382;d&eacute;ho ve skupin&#283;.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vytvo&#345;en&iacute; bezpe&#269;n&eacute;ho prostoru p&#345;&iacute;mo souvis&iacute; s <\/span><b>&#345;e&scaron;en&iacute;m konflikt&#367;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Kdy&#382; dojde ke konfliktu, pamatujte, &#382;e konflikty jsou vyvol&aacute;ny emocemi. Pokud n&#283;kdo poci&#357;uje siln&eacute; emoce, poskytn&#283;te mu prostor, aby se s t&#283;mito emocemi vypo&#345;&aacute;dal, a mo&#382;n&aacute; mu b&#283;hem tohoto procesu nab&iacute;dn&#283;te svou podporu. Pokuste se situaci deeskalovat nalezen&iacute;m spole&#269;n&eacute; vize a &#345;e&scaron;en&iacute; probl&eacute;mu. Bu&#271;te p&#345;ipraveni p&#345;evz&iacute;t roli prost&#345;edn&iacute;ka. Jako rodi&#269; se p&#345;i &#345;e&scaron;en&iacute; konfliktu sna&#382;te m&iacute;t na pam&#283;ti, &#382;e konflikt m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t jak vnit&#345;n&iacute; (vnit&#345;n&iacute; konflikt jedince), tak interperson&aacute;ln&iacute; (mezi 2 a v&iacute;ce lidmi\/stranami).&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Je d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; nejprve uznat emoce doty&#269;n&yacute;ch d&#283;t&iacute; a d&aacute;t jim najevo, &#382;e se sna&#382;&iacute;te pochopit jejich pohled na v&#283;c. Pot&eacute; se m&#367;&#382;ete pokusit pomoci d&#283;tem zmapovat jejich pot&#345;eby a p&#345;esunout jejich pozornost z emocion&aacute;ln&iacute; na racion&aacute;ln&iacute;\/logickou str&aacute;nku.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Povzbuzujte je, aby otev&#345;en&#283; vyj&aacute;d&#345;ily, co c&iacute;t&iacute; a co pot&#345;ebuj&iacute;. Jd&#283;te p&#345;&iacute;kladem a vyjad&#345;ujte sv&eacute; vlastn&iacute; pocity a pot&#345;eby.<\/span><\/p><h4><strong>5.1.2.2. <b>V&yacute;uka inkluzivn&iacute; ke queer-feministick&yacute;m p&#345;&iacute;stup&#367;m<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vyu&#269;ovat <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Queer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;P&#345;&iacute;davn&eacute; jm&eacute;no pou&#382;&iacute;van&eacute; n&#283;kter&yacute;mi lidmi, jejich&#382; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientace nen&iacute; v&yacute;hradn&#283; heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute; nebo heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;. Tento zast&#345;e&scaron;uj&iacute;c&iacute; term&iacute;n zahrnuje lidi, kte&#345;&iacute; maj&iacute; nebin&aacute;rn&iacute;, genderov&#283; fluidn&iacute; nebo genderov&#283; nekonformn&iacute; identitu. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/queer\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">queer<\/a> feministicky inkluzivn&#283; neznamen&aacute; vyu&#269;ovat d&#283;jiny odtr&#382;en&eacute; od sou&#269;asnosti, ale sp&iacute;&scaron;e analyzovat rasov&eacute;, t&#345;&iacute;dn&iacute; a ekonomick&eacute; aspekty mocensk&yacute;ch struktur. Umo&#382;&#328;uje student&#367;m a studentk&aacute;m u&#269;it se o moci (jej&iacute;m vyu&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; a zneu&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;) t&iacute;m, &#382;e berou v &uacute;vahu sv&eacute; &#382;it&eacute; zku&scaron;enosti a p&#345;em&yacute;&scaron;lej&iacute; o sv&yacute;ch emoc&iacute;ch, pocitech a t&#283;lech jako o &bdquo;prostorech a archivech produkce v&#283;d&#283;n&iacute;&ldquo; (Mehta, 2019).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Znamen&aacute; to u&#269;it o d&#367;sledc&iacute;ch minulosti sledov&aacute;n&iacute;m dopadu kolonialismu a cel&eacute; na&scaron;&iacute; historie jako spole&#269;nosti. P&#345;i anal&yacute;ze sou&#269;asnosti &ndash; mocensk&yacute;ch struktur, nedostatku rovnosti &#382;en a mu&#382;&#367; &ndash; se studuj&iacute;c&iacute; mohou zam&yacute;&scaron;let nad t&iacute;m, jak se na&scaron;e spole&#269;nost dostala do tohoto bodu a pro&#269; je rovnost &#382;en a mu&#382;&#367; v takov&eacute;m stavu, v jak&eacute;m je. Pochopen&iacute;m t&#283;chto souvislost&iacute; mohou naj&iacute;t zp&#367;soby, jak formovat sv&eacute; chov&aacute;n&iacute; inkluzivn&iacute;m zp&#367;sobem.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kl&iacute;&#269;ov&yacute;m faktorem tohoto p&#345;&iacute;stupu k v&yacute;uce je atmosf&eacute;ra d&#367;v&#283;ry. Sna&#382;te se vyhnout posilov&aacute;n&iacute; tradi&#269;n&iacute;ch genderov&yacute;ch rol&iacute;, hanoben&iacute; sexuality d&iacute;vek nebo odsuzov&aacute;n&iacute; jak&yacute;chkoliv nenormativn&iacute;ch praktik, abyste u d&#283;t&iacute; podpo&#345;ili zv&#283;davost a p&#345;im&#283;li je kl&aacute;st si ot&aacute;zky o genderov&yacute;ch a mocensk&yacute;ch nerovnostech.<\/span><\/p><h4><strong>5.1.2.3. <b>Intersekcionalita<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><b>Intersekcionalita<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> je r&aacute;mec, kter&yacute; pom&aacute;h&aacute; reflektovat v&yacute;znam analyzov&aacute;n&iacute; vztah&#367; mezi r&#367;zn&yacute;mi nerovnostmi a r&#367;zn&yacute;mi typy <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Diskriminace&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lze ji definovat jako nerovn&eacute; nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; zach&aacute;zen&iacute; s ur&#269;itou osobou nebo se skupinou osob v d&#367;sledku p&#345;edsudk&#367;. Nejedn&aacute; se pouze o odsudky nebo nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; pocity, ale o projevy nesn&aacute;&scaron;enlivosti, kter&eacute; spo&#269;&iacute;vaj&iacute; v odm&iacute;t&aacute;n&iacute; a\/nebo vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; osob, v&#367;&#269;i nim&#382; m&aacute; &#269;lov&#283;k p&#345;edsudky. It is not only judgements or unfavourable feelings but acts of intolerance that consist of rejecting and\/or excluding people against whom one is prejudiced. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/diskriminace\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">diskriminace<\/a>. P&#345;isp&iacute;v&aacute; k vytvo&#345;en&iacute; &scaron;ir&scaron;&iacute;ho a &uacute;pln&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;ho obrazu reality, v n&iacute;&#382; &#382;ijeme, t&iacute;m, &#382;e poukazuje na souvislosti mezi t&#283;mito nerovnostmi. Bez ohledu na v&#283;k d&#283;t&iacute; je anal&yacute;za jevu\/situace\/probl&eacute;mu z r&#367;zn&yacute;ch &uacute;hl&#367; pohledu u&#269;&iacute; vytv&aacute;&#345;et souvislosti mezi r&#367;zn&yacute;mi faktory, &#269;&iacute;m&#382; se rozv&iacute;j&iacute; jejich analytick&eacute; my&scaron;len&iacute;.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intersekcionalita se sna&#382;&iacute; uk&aacute;zat mocensk&eacute; vztahy, kter&eacute; ovliv&#328;uj&iacute; v&scaron;echny sf&eacute;ry &#382;ivota ve spole&#269;nosti, jako je ekonomika, zdrav&iacute;, p&#345;&iacute;stup ke vzd&#283;l&aacute;n&iacute; a politika. Pokud nap&#345;&iacute;klad u&#269;&iacute;te o rovnosti &#382;en a mu&#382;&#367;, m&#367;&#382;ete se pokusit do diskuze zahrnout t&eacute;mata, jako je p&#345;&iacute;stup ke zdrav&iacute;, vzd&#283;l&aacute;n&iacute;, n&aacute;bo&#382;enstv&iacute;, zem&#283;pisn&aacute; poloha, mocensk&eacute; vztahy. Pokuste se uk&aacute;zat r&#367;zn&eacute; oblasti, o kter&yacute;ch lze uva&#382;ovat, a tak&eacute; r&#367;zn&eacute; lidi a\/nebo instituce, kter&eacute; mohou b&yacute;t jejich sou&#269;&aacute;st&iacute; nebo jimi b&yacute;t ovlivn&#283;ny (lid&eacute;, kte&#345;&iacute; jsou sou&#269;&aacute;st&iacute; komunity <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a>, &scaron;koly, org&aacute;ny &#269;inn&eacute; v trestn&iacute;m &#345;&iacute;zen&iacute;, nevl&aacute;dn&iacute; organizace (NGO) nebo organizace, kter&eacute; usiluj&iacute; o rovnost &#382;en a mu&#382;&#367; atd.). T&iacute;m d&aacute;v&aacute;te d&#283;tem najevo, &#382;e existuje v&iacute;ce faktor&#367;, kter&eacute; k situaci p&#345;isp&iacute;vaj&iacute; a kter&eacute; by bylo mo&#382;n&eacute; zohlednit. Nau&#269;&iacute;te je tak nahl&iacute;&#382;et na situaci z r&#367;zn&yacute;ch perspektiv a vid&#283;t souvislosti mezi nerovnostmi a r&#367;zn&yacute;mi typy <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Diskriminace&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lze ji definovat jako nerovn&eacute; nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; zach&aacute;zen&iacute; s ur&#269;itou osobou nebo se skupinou osob v d&#367;sledku p&#345;edsudk&#367;. Nejedn&aacute; se pouze o odsudky nebo nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; pocity, ale o projevy nesn&aacute;&scaron;enlivosti, kter&eacute; spo&#269;&iacute;vaj&iacute; v odm&iacute;t&aacute;n&iacute; a\/nebo vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; osob, v&#367;&#269;i nim&#382; m&aacute; &#269;lov&#283;k p&#345;edsudky. It is not only judgements or unfavourable feelings but acts of intolerance that consist of rejecting and\/or excluding people against whom one is prejudiced. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/diskriminace\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">diskriminace<\/a> (nap&#345;&iacute;klad &#382;ena, kter&aacute; se p&#345;ist&#283;hovala do jin&eacute; zem&#283;, m&#367;&#382;e &#269;elit diskriminaci na z&aacute;klad&#283; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a>, diskriminaci na z&aacute;klad&#283; men&scaron;in a jazykov&eacute; diskriminaci z&aacute;rove&#328;).<\/span><\/p><h4><strong>5.1.2.4. <b>Prost&#345;ed&iacute;, kde je dovoleno chybovat<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D&#283;ti a dosp&iacute;vaj&iacute;c&iacute; se &#269;asto boj&iacute; d&#283;lat chyby a b&yacute;t za n&#283; souzeni. Vytvo&#345;en&iacute; prost&#345;ed&iacute;, kde je dovoleno chybovat je dobr&yacute;m p&#345;&iacute;stupem, kter&yacute; podporuje kladen&iacute; ot&aacute;zek a u&#269;en&iacute;. Neexistuj&iacute; &#382;&aacute;dn&eacute; spr&aacute;vn&eacute; nebo &scaron;patn&eacute; odpov&#283;di a ka&#382;d&yacute; je v&iacute;t&aacute;n, aby p&#345;isp&#283;l do diskuze. Chcete-li takov&eacute; prost&#345;ed&iacute; vytvo&#345;it, povzbuzujte d&#283;ti k tomu, aby se ptaly, diskutovaly a vym&#283;&#328;ovaly si n&aacute;zory. T&iacute;mto zp&#367;sobem budou c&iacute;tit podporu, aby se d&#283;lily o dal&scaron;&iacute; a dal&scaron;&iacute; poznatky. P&#345;enesete tak pozornost sp&iacute;&scaron;e na samotn&eacute; znalosti ne&#382; na osobu, kter&aacute; je sd&iacute;l&iacute;.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V&#283;ci, kter&eacute; v&aacute;m mohou pomoci takov&eacute; prost&#345;ed&iacute; vytvo&#345;it, jsou n&aacute;sleduj&iacute;c&iacute;:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Povzbuzujte d&#283;ti, aby nep&#345;eru&scaron;ovaly, kdy&#382; mluv&iacute; n&#283;kdo druh&yacute; (pat&#345;&iacute; sem i slovn&iacute; reakce souhlasu\/nesouhlasu).<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Podporujte pou&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; &#345;e&#269;i t&#283;la, pokud se n&#283;komu l&iacute;b&iacute; n&#283;jak&yacute; n&aacute;pad. Nap&#345;&iacute;klad pot&#345;esen&iacute; dlan&#283;mi znamen&aacute; souhlas\/podporu n&aacute;padu.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kdy&#382; n&#283;kdo ud&#283;l&aacute; chybu, povzbu&#271;te ho, aby se omluvil a pou&#269;il se z n&iacute;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pou&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; trest&#367; jako &#345;e&scaron;en&iacute; nem&aacute; na proces u&#269;en&iacute; d&#283;t&iacute; pozitivn&iacute; vliv. Co m&#367;&#382;ete ud&#283;lat m&iacute;sto toho, je zam&#283;&#345;it se sp&iacute;&scaron;e na budouc&iacute; &#269;iny ne&#382; na okam&#382;ik, kdy byla chyba ud&#283;l&aacute;na.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;ipom&iacute;nejte d&#283;tem, &#382;e v&scaron;ichni jsme lid&eacute; a &#382;e se nevyhnuteln&#283; dopou&scaron;t&iacute;me chyb, a d&iacute;ky nim se u&#269;&iacute;me. Je d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute;, abychom se z chyb pou&#269;ili, m&iacute;sto abychom se v nich zasekli.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h4><strong>5.1.2.5. <b>Empowerment neboli emancipace<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Co je to emancipace (<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Empowerment&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Zahrnuje navozen&iacute; pocitu, &#382;e d&#283;ti mohou b&yacute;t t&#283;mi, k&yacute;m cht&#283;j&iacute; b&yacute;t, bez jak&yacute;chkoliv pocit&#367; viny, studu &#269;i pochybnost&iacute;, &#382;e se ve skupin&#283; mohou pln&#283; realizovat a odch&aacute;zet z n&iacute; s v&#283;t&scaron;&iacute; sebed&#367;v&#283;rou do okoln&iacute;ho sv&#283;ta. M&#367;&#382;e nab&yacute;vat podoby poskytov&aacute;n&iacute; podpory, odstra&#328;ov&aacute;n&iacute; p&#345;ek&aacute;&#382;ek, napom&aacute;h&aacute;n&iacute; ze strany druh&yacute;ch, zast&aacute;n&iacute; v kolektivu atd.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/empowerment\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">empowerment<\/a>)? Pojem <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Empowerment&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Zahrnuje navozen&iacute; pocitu, &#382;e d&#283;ti mohou b&yacute;t t&#283;mi, k&yacute;m cht&#283;j&iacute; b&yacute;t, bez jak&yacute;chkoliv pocit&#367; viny, studu &#269;i pochybnost&iacute;, &#382;e se ve skupin&#283; mohou pln&#283; realizovat a odch&aacute;zet z n&iacute; s v&#283;t&scaron;&iacute; sebed&#367;v&#283;rou do okoln&iacute;ho sv&#283;ta. M&#367;&#382;e nab&yacute;vat podoby poskytov&aacute;n&iacute; podpory, odstra&#328;ov&aacute;n&iacute; p&#345;ek&aacute;&#382;ek, napom&aacute;h&aacute;n&iacute; ze strany druh&yacute;ch, zast&aacute;n&iacute; v kolektivu atd.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/empowerment\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">empowerment<\/a> m&aacute; ko&#345;eny ve hnut&iacute; za ob&#269;ansk&aacute; pr&aacute;va ve Spojen&yacute;ch st&aacute;tech, v Pedagogice utla&#269;ovan&yacute;ch od Paula Freireho a v &#345;ad&#283; hnut&iacute; zam&#283;&#345;en&yacute;ch na dosa&#382;en&iacute; rovnosti (SCI It&aacute;lie, 2022).<\/span><\/p><p><b>Emancipace<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> prost&#345;ednictv&iacute;m v&yacute;uky znamen&aacute;, &#382;e studuj&iacute;c&iacute; maj&iacute; pocit, &#382;e mohou b&yacute;t k&yacute;mkoliv cht&#283;j&iacute; (bez jak&yacute;chkoliv pocit&#367; viny, studu nebo pochybnost&iacute;) a mohou se pln&#283; realizovat ve skupin&#283; a odch&aacute;zet z n&iacute; s v&#283;t&scaron;&iacute; sebed&#367;v&#283;rou do okoln&iacute;ho sv&#283;ta.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pokud chcete emancipovat sv&eacute; studenty a studentky, je dobr&eacute; podporovat dovednosti pro sv&eacute;pomoc, sebeobhajobu (schopnost efektivn&#283; vyj&aacute;d&#345;it sv&eacute; pot&#345;eby, pr&aacute;va a n&aacute;zory) a sebevzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; (podpora aktivn&iacute;ho p&#345;&iacute;stupu k vyhled&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; informac&iacute;).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zde jsou n&#283;kter&eacute; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">metody, kter&eacute; m&#367;&#382;ete pou&#382;&iacute;t na<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">podporu emancipace<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Divadlo utla&#269;ovan&yacute;ch.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Podpora dobrovolnick&yacute;ch aktivit.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vypr&aacute;v&#283;n&iacute; p&#345;&iacute;b&#283;h&#367;\/&#382;iv&aacute; knihovna.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aktivity zam&#283;&#345;en&eacute; na reflexi (individu&aacute;ln&#283;\/ve skupin&aacute;ch).&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zapojen&iacute; &#382;actva do rozhodovac&iacute;ho procesu a struktur, kter&eacute; se jich t&yacute;kaj&iacute; (m&#367;&#382;ete nap&#345;&iacute;klad vytvo&#345;it skupinov&aacute; pravidla &#269;i dohody).&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vytvo&#345;en&iacute; otev&#345;en&eacute;ho prostoru, kde mohou sd&iacute;let sv&eacute; vlastn&iacute; dovednosti\/znalosti v r&#367;zn&yacute;ch p&#345;edm&#283;tech t&iacute;m, &#382;e na kr&aacute;tkou dobu p&#345;evezmou roli u&#269;itele.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Za&#345;a&#271;te do v&yacute;uky r&#367;zn&eacute; typy vyj&aacute;d&#345;en&iacute;, jako jsou v&yacute;tvarn&eacute;, hudebn&iacute;, kreativn&iacute; v&yacute;stupy.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zde je naopak <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n&#283;kolik v&#283;c&iacute;, kter&yacute;ch byste se mohli vyvarovat<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, pokud chcete podpo&#345;it emancipaci:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;eb&iacute;r&aacute;n&iacute; kontroly nad situac&iacute; od ostatn&iacute;ch lid&iacute;.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rozhodov&aacute;n&iacute; na z&aacute;klad&#283; p&#345;edpoklad&#367; m&iacute;sto toho, abyste se ptali na pot&#345;eby a p&#345;&aacute;n&iacute; sv&yacute;ch studentek a student&#367;.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zanedb&aacute;vat p&eacute;&#269;i o sebe sama.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vnucovat skupin&#283; sv&eacute; n&aacute;zory nebo jedn&aacute;n&iacute;.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stav&#283;t jedince do st&#345;edu pozornosti, kdy&#382; si to nep&#345;eje, t&iacute;m, &#382;e je po&#382;&aacute;d&aacute;te, aby promluvili\/p&#345;isp&#283;li, kdy&#382; se zd&aacute;, &#382;e necht&#283;j&iacute;.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Myslet si, &#382;e ur&#269;it&aacute; metoda funguje pro v&scaron;echny.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ignorovat jin&eacute; prob&iacute;haj&iacute;c&iacute; probl&eacute;my.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h3><i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-right\"><\/i> &ndash; 5.1.3. DISKRIMINA&#268;N&Iacute; SITUACE K T&Eacute;MATU &ndash; <i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-left\"><\/i><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#344;ekn&#283;me, &#382;e ve t&#345;&iacute;d&#283; vedete debatu o feminismu a jeden studuj&iacute;c&iacute; &#345;&iacute;k&aacute;, &#382;e feminismus je &scaron;patn&yacute;, proto&#382;e znamen&aacute;, &#382;e &#382;eny z&iacute;skaj&iacute; v&yacute;hody oproti mu&#382;&#367;m a postaven&iacute; se jen zm&#283;n&iacute;, m&iacute;sto aby se vytvo&#345;ila rovnost. Jin&yacute; student chce reagovat a za&#269;ne mluvit d&#345;&iacute;ve, ne&#382; prvn&iacute; student dokon&#269;&iacute; svou v&#283;tu. Druh&yacute; student se za&#269;ne sm&aacute;t a &#345;&iacute;k&aacute;, &#382;e to nen&iacute; &uacute;&#269;elem feminismu. Takov&aacute; situace by mohla rychle p&#345;er&#367;st v konflikt a v zahanbov&aacute;n&iacute; n&#283;kter&yacute;ch studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch za to, &#382;e neznaj&iacute; ur&#269;it&eacute; v&#283;ci.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To, co byste jako vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute; mohli v tuto chv&iacute;li ud&#283;lat, je situaci deeskalovat. M&#367;&#382;ete za&#269;&iacute;t t&iacute;m, &#382;e student&#367;m p&#345;ipomenete, aby si navz&aacute;jem umo&#382;nili dokon&#269;it v&#283;tu, ne&#382; vyj&aacute;d&#345;&iacute; dal&scaron;&iacute; bod. Za druh&eacute; jim m&#367;&#382;ete p&#345;ipomenout, &#382;e toto je prost&#345;ed&iacute; p&#345;&aacute;telsk&eacute; k chyb&aacute;m a &#382;e zahanbov&aacute;n&iacute; v procesu u&#269;en&iacute; nepom&aacute;h&aacute;. Pot&eacute; se m&#367;&#382;ete zeptat, zda by n&#283;kdo ze t&#345;&iacute;dy necht&#283;l vysv&#283;tlit definici feminismu, abyste vytvo&#345;ili v&yacute;m&#283;nu znalost&iacute;, ani&#382; byste jednoho studenta stav&#283;li do st&#345;edu pozornosti. T&iacute;mto zp&#367;sobem by bylo mo&#382;n&eacute; studenty podpo&#345;it v tom, aby se v procesu vytv&aacute;&#345;en&iacute; chyb c&iacute;tili bezpe&#269;n&#283;ji a u&#269;ili se z nich, m&iacute;sto aby se styd&#283;li a vyh&yacute;bali se dal&scaron;&iacute; &uacute;&#269;asti. <\/span><\/p><h3>5.1.4.<strong> P&#344;&Iacute;KLADY DOBR&Eacute; PRAXE<\/strong><\/h3><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-8532 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1728\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1.png 1728w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_LGTBI_people_celebrating_pride_for_kids_education_82213724-fcd3-4a16-a44e-af58de8a6bf7_1-1536x768.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1728px) 100vw, 1728px\"\/><\/p><h4><strong>5.1.4.1. <b>Anonymn&iacute; schr&aacute;nka na dotazy<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vytvo&#345;te prostor, kde se d&#283;ti mohou anonymn&#283; pt&aacute;t na jak&eacute;koli ot&aacute;zky t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute; se <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a>\/genderu\/identity\/vztahov&yacute;ch uspo&#345;&aacute;d&aacute;n&iacute; atd., a pozv&#283;te odborn&iacute;ky zven&#269;&iacute;, kte&#345;&iacute; mohou na tyto ot&aacute;zky odpov&#283;d&#283;t (pracovn&iacute;ci s ml&aacute;de&#382;&iacute;, pedagogy atd.). T&iacute;m vytvo&#345;&iacute;te bezpe&#269;n&yacute; prostor, kde se d&#283;ti mohou pt&aacute;t na cokoliv, co se t&yacute;k&aacute; jejich <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a> a jejich identity, ani&#382; by se vystavovaly nebezpe&#269;&iacute; nebo se c&iacute;tily povinny sd&iacute;let osobn&iacute; informace. P&#345;izv&aacute;n&iacute; odborn&iacute;k&#367; zven&#269;&iacute; p&#345;isp&iacute;v&aacute; k tomu, &#382;e d&#283;tem ukazujete r&#367;zn&eacute; perspektivy a r&#367;zn&eacute; &#382;ivotn&iacute; styly, a t&iacute;m podporujete jejich zv&#283;davost a zkoum&aacute;n&iacute;. Odstra&#328;uje to tak&eacute; ostych a\/nebo vyh&yacute;b&aacute;n&iacute; se polo&#382;en&iacute; ot&aacute;zky s v&#283;dom&iacute;m, &#382;e ji uvid&iacute; vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute;, se kter&yacute;m p&#345;ich&aacute;z&iacute; do kontaktu na denn&iacute; b&aacute;zi, a odpov&iacute; na ni.<\/span><\/p><h4><span style=\"font-size: 20.8px;\">5.1.4<\/span><strong>.2. <b>Pou&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; genderov&#283; neutr&aacute;ln&iacute;ho\/inkluzivn&iacute;ho jazyka<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Genderov&#283; inkluzivn&iacute; nebo neutr&aacute;ln&iacute; jazyk je jazyk, kter&yacute; se vyh&yacute;b&aacute; p&#345;edsudk&#367;m v&#367;&#269;i ur&#269;it&eacute;mu <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a> nebo soci&aacute;ln&iacute;mu rodu. Proto nikoho nediskriminuje.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pou&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; genderov&#283; inkluzivn&iacute;ho nebo neutr&aacute;ln&iacute;ho jazyka m&aacute; siln&yacute; dopad v procesu dosahov&aacute;n&iacute; rovnosti &#382;en a mu&#382;&#367;. Lze jej pou&#382;&iacute;t p&#345;i oslovov&aacute;n&iacute; skupiny osob, nap&#345;&iacute;klad &bdquo;lid&eacute;\/studuj&iacute;c&iacute;\/&#382;actvo\/d&#283;ti&ldquo; nam&iacute;sto &bdquo;kluci\/chlapci a d&iacute;vky\/mlad&iacute; mu&#382;i\/mlad&eacute; &#382;eny&ldquo;, a hraje cennou roli, kdy&#382; se mluv&iacute; o pracovn&iacute;ch pozic&iacute;ch a soci&aacute;ln&iacute;ch rol&iacute;ch. Ve v&#283;t&scaron;in&#283; jazyk&#367; jsou n&aacute;zvy zam&#283;stn&aacute;n&iacute; a spole&#269;ensk&yacute;ch rol&iacute; genderov&#283; odli&scaron;eny (nap&#345;&iacute;klad &bdquo;zdravotn&iacute; sestra&ldquo; nebo &bdquo;doktor&ldquo;). Genderov&#283; inkluzivn&iacute; jazyk pou&#382;&iacute;v&aacute; neutr&aacute;ln&iacute; podstatn&aacute; jm&eacute;na, kter&aacute; nejsou genderov&#283; specifick&aacute;, aby se zabr&aacute;nilo utvrzov&aacute;n&iacute; genderov&yacute;ch rol&iacute; a p&#345;edstavy, &#382;e n&#283;kter&eacute; profese jsou ur&#269;eny pouze pro ur&#269;it&eacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a>. Zkuste tedy m&iacute;sto &bdquo;zdravotn&iacute; sestra&ldquo; &#345;&iacute;kat &bdquo;zdravotn&iacute; sestry a brat&#345;i&ldquo; a m&iacute;sto &bdquo;doktor&ldquo; zkuste &#345;&iacute;kat &bdquo;doktorky a dokto&#345;i&ldquo;. Pou&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;m neutr&aacute;ln&iacute;ho jazyka podporujete genderov&#283; rovn&yacute; p&#345;&iacute;stup a u&#269;&iacute;te d&#283;ti zpochyb&#328;ovat <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genderov&eacute; role&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Ozna&#269;uj&iacute; chov&aacute;n&iacute; a &#269;innosti, kter&eacute; p&#345;isuzujeme lidem na z&aacute;klad&#283; jejich biologick&eacute;ho pohlav&iacute;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/genderove-role\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genderov&eacute; role<\/a> a s nimi spojen&eacute; &uacute;koly a o&#269;ek&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/9-environment-influences-6369\/9-2-sexism-6526\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V&iacute;ce informac&iacute; o neutr&aacute;ln&iacute;m jazyce si m&#367;&#382;ete p&#345;e&#269;&iacute;st v t&eacute;matu <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sexismus<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/a>.<\/p><h4><span style=\"font-size: 20.8px;\">5.1.4<\/span><strong>.3. <b>Skupinov&aacute; pravidla a dohody<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P&#345;edstavte my&scaron;lenku skupinov&eacute; dohody. Vzhledem k tomu, &#382;e lid&eacute; poch&aacute;zej&iacute; z r&#367;zn&yacute;ch prost&#345;ed&iacute; a maj&iacute; r&#367;zn&eacute; pot&#345;eby, je spole&#269;n&aacute; tvorba skupinov&yacute;ch pravidel a dohod zp&#367;sobem, kter&yacute; m&#367;&#382;e v&scaron;em pomoci c&iacute;tit se bezpe&#269;n&#283;ji, zapojen&#283; a m&iacute;t prostor pro vyj&aacute;d&#345;en&iacute; a stanoven&iacute; ur&#269;it&yacute;ch spole&#269;n&yacute;ch hranic.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zeptejte se d&#283;t&iacute;, co pot&#345;ebuj&iacute;, aby se b&#283;hem spole&#269;n&#283; str&aacute;ven&eacute;ho &#269;asu c&iacute;tily bezpe&#269;n&#283;ji a pohodln&#283;ji. M&#367;&#382;ete jim nab&iacute;dnout n&#283;kolik hlavn&iacute;ch t&eacute;mat, kter&aacute; mohou zv&aacute;&#382;it (nap&#345;&iacute;klad: &uacute;koly, jazyk neutr&aacute;ln&iacute;\/inkluzivn&iacute;, informovanost o r&#367;zn&yacute;ch t&eacute;matech, osobn&iacute; pot&#345;eby atd.<\/span><\/p><h3>5.1.5. <strong>REFERENCE<\/strong><\/h3><p>Mehta, A. (2019). Teaching <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Gender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Gender je mnohorozm&#283;rn&yacute;m konstruktem, kter&yacute; m&aacute; psychologick&yacute;, soci&aacute;ln&iacute; a behavior&aacute;ln&iacute; rozm&#283;r, zahrnuje genderovou identitu a genderov&eacute; vyjad&#345;ov&aacute;n&iacute;. N&#283;kdy se setk&aacute;v&aacute;me s pojmem &amp;quot;soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohlav&iacute;&amp;quot;, proto&#382;e jeho v&yacute;znam nevztahujeme k n&#283;jak&eacute; biologick&eacute; danosti, ale k tomu jak&eacute; vlastnosti spole&#269;nost a p&#345;&iacute;slu&scaron;n&aacute; kultura lidem p&#345;isuzuje na z&aacute;klad&#283; jejich genderov&eacute; identity.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Gender<\/a>, Race, Sexuality: Reflections on Feminist Pedagogy. Kohljournal.press..Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/kohljournal.press\/reflections-feminist-pedagogy\">https:\/\/kohljournal.press\/reflections-feminist-pedagogy<\/a>.<\/p><p>SCI Italy (2022). The <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Gender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Gender je mnohorozm&#283;rn&yacute;m konstruktem, kter&yacute; m&aacute; psychologick&yacute;, soci&aacute;ln&iacute; a behavior&aacute;ln&iacute; rozm&#283;r, zahrnuje genderovou identitu a genderov&eacute; vyjad&#345;ov&aacute;n&iacute;. N&#283;kdy se setk&aacute;v&aacute;me s pojmem &amp;quot;soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohlav&iacute;&amp;quot;, proto&#382;e jeho v&yacute;znam nevztahujeme k n&#283;jak&eacute; biologick&eacute; danosti, ale k tomu jak&eacute; vlastnosti spole&#269;nost a p&#345;&iacute;slu&scaron;n&aacute; kultura lidem p&#345;isuzuje na z&aacute;klad&#283; jejich genderov&eacute; identity.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Gender<\/a> Effect. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/sci.ngo\/wp-content\/uploads\/resources\/our-publications\/2022_toolkit_booklet_thegendereffect-italy.pdf\">2022_toolkit_booklet_thegendereffect-italy.pdf (sci.ngo)<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vytvo&#345;en&iacute; bezpe&#269;n&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;ho prostoru pro experimentov&aacute;n&iacute; s genderovou identitou a s genderov&yacute;m vyj&aacute;d&#345;en&iacute;m m&#367;&#382;e m&iacute;t velk&yacute; vliv na &#382;ivot dosp&iacute;vaj&iacute;c&iacute;ch. Vzd&#283;l&aacute;vejte se v oblasti genderov&eacute; rovnosti, genderov&eacute; identity a genderov&eacute;ho vyj&aacute;d&#345;en&iacute;, abyste mohli b&yacute;t sv&yacute;m d&#283;tem k dispozici, kdy&#382; objevuj&iacute;, k&yacute;m jsou, a rostou. Je d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; vytvo&#345;it prost&#345;ed&iacute;, ve kter&eacute;m mohou va&scaron;e d&#283;ti svobodn&#283; kl&aacute;st ot&aacute;zky [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":9465,"menu_order":13,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-9466","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/9466","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9466"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/9466\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/9465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=9466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}