{"id":8397,"date":"2023-04-04T17:40:15","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T17:40:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/docs\/1-identitay-rozmanitost-sexualit-3\/1-2-cisheteronormativni-sexualni-vychova\/"},"modified":"2023-05-02T15:07:50","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T15:07:50","slug":"1-2-cisheteronormativni-sexualni-vychova","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/docs\/guide-for-educators\/1-identitay-rozmanitost-sexualit-3\/1-2-cisheteronormativni-sexualni-vychova\/","title":{"rendered":"1.2. CISHETERONORMATIVN\u00cd SEXU\u00c1LN\u00cd V\u00ddCHOVA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8397\" class=\"elementor elementor-8397 elementor-6472\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-153a1c32 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"153a1c32\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-51d2e3a2\" data-id=\"51d2e3a2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ec1252 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8ec1252\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_cisheteronormativity_for_kids_education_1982205d-c20f-4325-9781-5a62fc817776_1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9320\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_cisheteronormativity_for_kids_education_1982205d-c20f-4325-9781-5a62fc817776_1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_cisheteronormativity_for_kids_education_1982205d-c20f-4325-9781-5a62fc817776_1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_cisheteronormativity_for_kids_education_1982205d-c20f-4325-9781-5a62fc817776_1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_cisheteronormativity_for_kids_education_1982205d-c20f-4325-9781-5a62fc817776_1-20x10.png 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_cisheteronormativity_for_kids_education_1982205d-c20f-4325-9781-5a62fc817776_1-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/CatnessGames_cisheteronormativity_for_kids_education_1982205d-c20f-4325-9781-5a62fc817776_1.png 1728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61cb95d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"61cb95d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc4a82d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc4a82d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Ve &scaron;kol&aacute;ch chyb&iacute; inkluzivn&iacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chova.<\/li>\n<li>Tam, kde se sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chova vyu&#269;uje, je velmi &#269;asto cisheteronormativn&iacute;, co&#382; vylu&#269;uje <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> mladistv&eacute;.<\/li>\n<li>V d&#367;sledku p&#367;soben&iacute; stigmatizace a men&scaron;inov&eacute;ho stresu je du&scaron;evn&iacute; zdrav&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> ml&aacute;de&#382;e v&yacute;razn&#283; ohro&#382;en&#283;j&scaron;&iacute; ve srovn&aacute;n&iacute; se zdrav&iacute;m jejich <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Osoba, jej&iacute;&#382; genderov&aacute; identita je v souladu s pohlav&iacute;m, kter&eacute; j&iacute; bylo zaps&aacute;no p&#345;i narozen&iacute;, popisuje osoby, kter&eacute; nejsou transgender.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgender<\/a> a heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch vrstevn&iacute;k&#367;. Je proto d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; vytv&aacute;&#345;et bezpe&#269;n&yacute; prostor a inkluzivn&iacute; prost&#345;ed&iacute; pro v&scaron;echny. <\/li>\n<li>P&#345;i zaji&scaron;&#357;ov&aacute;n&iacute; bezpe&#269;n&eacute;ho prost&#345;ed&iacute; pro vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; v&scaron;ech studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch hraje &scaron;kola v&yacute;znamnou roli.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a781e90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a781e90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>1.2.1. &Uacute;VOD<\/h3><p>Form&aacute;ln&iacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chova se v&scaron;eobecn&#283; k d&#283;tem dost&aacute;v&aacute; p&#345;&iacute;li&scaron; pozd&#283; a v nedosta&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute;m rozsahu. Vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute; &#269;asto nejsou vy&scaron;koleni k tomu, aby sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chovu vedli respektuj&iacute;c&iacute;m a inkluzivn&iacute;m zp&#367;sobem. Ve v&#283;t&scaron;in&#283; p&#345;&iacute;pad&#367; sami &#382;&aacute;dnou sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chovu neabsolvovali. Odborn&aacute; p&#345;&iacute;prava a vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;, kter&eacute; vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chovy obvykle absolvuj&iacute;, b&yacute;v&aacute; zam&#283;&#345;ena na cisheteronormativn&iacute; perspektivu a &#269;asto nezahrnuje rozmanitost z hlediska <strong>sexuality<\/strong> a genderov&yacute;ch identit. Proto pot&#345;ebujeme vytv&aacute;&#345;et inkluzivn&iacute; n&aacute;stroje a vzd&#283;l&aacute;vac&iacute; programy.<\/p><p>Pokud se kriticky pod&iacute;v&aacute;me na dostupnou sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chovu a prevenci <strong>homofobie, transfobie<\/strong> a dal&scaron;&iacute;ch typ&#367; <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Diskriminace&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lze ji definovat jako nerovn&eacute; nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; zach&aacute;zen&iacute; s ur&#269;itou osobou nebo se skupinou osob v d&#367;sledku p&#345;edsudk&#367;. Nejedn&aacute; se pouze o odsudky nebo nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; pocity, ale o projevy nesn&aacute;&scaron;enlivosti, kter&eacute; spo&#269;&iacute;vaj&iacute; v odm&iacute;t&aacute;n&iacute; a\/nebo vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; osob, v&#367;&#269;i nim&#382; m&aacute; &#269;lov&#283;k p&#345;edsudky. It is not only judgements or unfavourable feelings but acts of intolerance that consist of rejecting and\/or excluding people against whom one is prejudiced. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/diskriminace\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">diskriminace<\/a><\/strong>, m&#367;&#382;eme si uv&#283;domit n&#283;kolik d&#367;vod&#367;, kter&eacute; by n&aacute;m mohly pomoci spat&#345;it &scaron;ir&scaron;&iacute; souvislosti a odhalit n&#283;kter&eacute; p&#345;&iacute;&#269;iny sou&#269;asn&eacute;ho stavu:<\/p><ul><li>Vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute; nejsou v t&eacute;matech <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a><\/strong> dostate&#269;n&#283; vzd&#283;l&aacute;n&iacute;.<\/li><li>&Scaron;koln&iacute; poradci a psychologov&eacute; &#269;asto nemaj&iacute; &#269;as nebo prost&#345;edky na to, aby tato t&eacute;mata do v&yacute;uky zav&aacute;d&#283;li.<\/li><li>N&#283;kter&eacute; &scaron;koln&iacute; vzd&#283;l&aacute;vac&iacute; programy up&#345;ednost&#328;uj&iacute; jin&aacute; t&eacute;mata, ne&#382; je vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; v oblasti prevence <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Diskriminace&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lze ji definovat jako nerovn&eacute; nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; zach&aacute;zen&iacute; s ur&#269;itou osobou nebo se skupinou osob v d&#367;sledku p&#345;edsudk&#367;. Nejedn&aacute; se pouze o odsudky nebo nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; pocity, ale o projevy nesn&aacute;&scaron;enlivosti, kter&eacute; spo&#269;&iacute;vaj&iacute; v odm&iacute;t&aacute;n&iacute; a\/nebo vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; osob, v&#367;&#269;i nim&#382; m&aacute; &#269;lov&#283;k p&#345;edsudky. It is not only judgements or unfavourable feelings but acts of intolerance that consist of rejecting and\/or excluding people against whom one is prejudiced. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/diskriminace\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">diskriminace<\/a>.<\/li><li>N&#283;kte&#345;&iacute; rodi&#269;e si z r&#367;zn&yacute;ch d&#367;vod&#367;, nap&#345;&iacute;klad kulturn&iacute;ch nebo n&aacute;bo&#382;ensk&yacute;ch, nep&#345;ej&iacute;, aby se jejich d&#283;ti nebo dokonce i jin&eacute; d&#283;ti ve &scaron;kol&aacute;ch vzd&#283;l&aacute;valy v oblasti sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chovy.<\/li><li>Samotn&iacute; dosp&#283;l&iacute; mohou b&yacute;t rozpa&#269;it&iacute;, kdy&#382; maj&iacute; mluvit o sexu, mohou se c&iacute;tit nejist&iacute; nebo nep&#345;ipraven&iacute; v&eacute;st v&yacute;uku o t&eacute;matech, jak&yacute;mi jsou souhlas, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genderov&aacute; identita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;vnit&#345;n&iacute; osobn&iacute; vn&iacute;m&aacute;n&iacute; vlastn&iacute; identity, kter&eacute; souvis&iacute; se soci&aacute;ln&iacute;mi a kulturn&iacute;mi definicemi genderu. Genderov&aacute; identita &#269;lov&#283;ka se m&#367;&#382;e shodovat s pohlav&iacute;m, kter&eacute; bylo zaps&aacute;no p&#345;i narozen&iacute; (cisgender), nebo se od n&#283;j r&#367;zn&yacute;mi zp&#367;soby li&scaron;it. U v&#283;t&scaron;iny lid&iacute; je genderov&aacute; identita shodn&aacute; s pohlav&iacute;m zapsan&yacute;m p&#345;i narozen&iacute;; u trans, nebin&aacute;rn&iacute;ch a dal&scaron;&iacute;ch genderov&#283; rozmanit&yacute;ch osob se genderov&aacute; identita v r&#367;zn&eacute; m&iacute;&#345;e li&scaron;&iacute; od pohlav&iacute; zapsan&eacute;ho p&#345;i narozen&iacute; (APA, 2015).  &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/genderova-identita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genderov&aacute; identita<\/a> a sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; rozmanitost, proto&#382;e se jim nedost&aacute;v&aacute; &#382;&aacute;dn&eacute;ho nebo jen velmi omezen&eacute;ho vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; o t&#283;chto t&eacute;matech a nemaj&iacute; k dispozici &#382;&aacute;dn&eacute; nebo jen velmi omezen&eacute; mno&#382;stv&iacute; aktu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch informac&iacute;.<\/li><li>&Scaron;koly mohou preferovat extern&iacute; lektory, ale nemusej&iacute;&iacute; si b&yacute;t jist&eacute;, jak si p&#345;edem ov&#283;&#345;it kvalitu jejich dan&eacute; nab&iacute;dky, aby se jednalo o skute&#269;n&#283; erudovan&eacute; a profesion&aacute;ln&iacute; lektory.<\/li><li>V n&#283;kter&yacute;ch kontextech nemusej&iacute; b&yacute;t k dispozici &#382;&aacute;dn&eacute; ofici&aacute;ln&iacute; metodick&eacute; dokumenty, kter&eacute; by zahrnovaly p&#345;edch&aacute;zen&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Diskriminace&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lze ji definovat jako nerovn&eacute; nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; zach&aacute;zen&iacute; s ur&#269;itou osobou nebo se skupinou osob v d&#367;sledku p&#345;edsudk&#367;. Nejedn&aacute; se pouze o odsudky nebo nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&eacute; pocity, ale o projevy nesn&aacute;&scaron;enlivosti, kter&eacute; spo&#269;&iacute;vaj&iacute; v odm&iacute;t&aacute;n&iacute; a\/nebo vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; osob, v&#367;&#269;i nim&#382; m&aacute; &#269;lov&#283;k p&#345;edsudky. It is not only judgements or unfavourable feelings but acts of intolerance that consist of rejecting and\/or excluding people against whom one is prejudiced. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/diskriminace\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">diskriminace<\/a> v r&aacute;mci genderov&eacute;, pohlavn&iacute; a vztahov&eacute; diverzity.<\/li><li>Vylou&#269;en&iacute; zku&scaron;enost&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> lid&iacute; ze vzd&#283;l&aacute;vac&iacute;ch program&#367; neznamen&aacute; neutr&aacute;ln&iacute; postoj k <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> t&eacute;mat&#367;m, ale potvrzuje cisheteronormativn&iacute; stereotypy, &#269;&iacute;m&#382; doch&aacute;z&iacute; k n&aacute;r&#367;stu men&scaron;inov&eacute;ho stresu u <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> ml&aacute;de&#382;e.<\/li><\/ul><p>Pokud si u studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch v&scaron;imnete projev&#367; homo- \/bi- \/ trans- negativismu (&bdquo;-fobie&rdquo;), m&#283;li byste s nimi nakl&aacute;dat stejn&#283; jako s jakoukoliv jinou formou p&#345;edsude&#269;nosti nebo xenofobie (nap&#345;. rasismem). M&#283;li byste kontaktovat &scaron;koln&iacute; poradensk&eacute; centrum a vypracovat individu&aacute;ln&iacute; pl&aacute;n pr&aacute;ce se studuj&iacute;c&iacute;m. Nikdy nenechte homonegativn&iacute; nebo transnegativn&iacute; pozn&aacute;mky &#269;i &uacute;toky bez pov&scaron;imnut&iacute;. Prvn&iacute;, co m&#367;&#382;ete ud&#283;lat, kdy&#382; si v&scaron;imnete n&#283;&#269;eho nevhodn&eacute;ho, je jasn&#283; komunikovat to, &#382;e ve &scaron;kole by se takov&eacute; v&#283;ci &#345;&iacute;kat nem&#283;ly, proto&#382;e &scaron;kola je m&iacute;stem pro v&scaron;echny bez rozd&iacute;lu. M&#367;&#382;ete tak&eacute; &#345;&iacute;ci, &#382;e v&aacute;m osobn&#283; takov&eacute; v&#283;ci p&#345;ipadaj&iacute; nepat&#345;i&#269;n&eacute; a nechcete je ve t&#345;&iacute;d&#283; sly&scaron;et. Jestli&#382;e m&#367;&#382;ete, prodiskutujte pozd&#283;ji (kdy&#382; u&#382; se mo&#382;n&aacute; nebudou tolik projevovat emoce) s &#382;&aacute;ky, pro&#269; takov&eacute; v&#283;ci &#345;&iacute;kaj&iacute; a co jimi cht&#283;j&iacute; sd&#283;lit.<\/p><p>M&#367;&#382;ete za&#269;&iacute;t t&iacute;m, &#382;e se budete zab&yacute;vat homo- \/ bi- \/ trans- negativn&iacute;mi v&yacute;razy jak mezi u&#269;iteli, tak mezi studenty:<\/p><ul><li>&bdquo;To je tak tepl&yacute;.&rdquo;, &bdquo;buzna&rdquo;<\/li><li>&bdquo;Bisexu&aacute;lov&eacute; se prost&#283; jen neum&iacute; rozhodnout.&rdquo;<\/li><li>Ozna&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; trans osob jako &bdquo;transky&rdquo; nebo tvrzen&iacute;, &#382;e nejsou &bdquo;opravdov&yacute;mi d&iacute;vkami\/chlapci&rdquo;.<\/li><li>&Uacute;mysln&yacute; misgendering trans nebo nebin&aacute;rn&iacute; osoby<\/li><\/ul><p>Jak jsme ji&#382; zm&iacute;nili v&yacute;&scaron;e, m&#367;&#382;ete do sv&yacute;ch u&#269;ebn&iacute;ch osnov zahrnout informace o <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> lidech, p&#345;&iacute;padn&#283; m&#367;&#382;ete odpov&iacute;daj&iacute;c&iacute;m zp&#367;sobem zm&#283;nit &scaron;koln&iacute; p&#345;edpisy a v r&aacute;mci zvy&scaron;ov&aacute;n&iacute; pov&#283;dom&iacute; o t&eacute;to problematice &scaron;&iacute;&#345;it informace ve spojen&iacute; s touto zm&#283;nou. Dal&scaron;&iacute; u&#382;ite&#269;n&eacute; tipy naleznete v p&#345;&iacute;ru&#269;ce <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stonewall.org.uk\/system\/files\/10_steps_to_tackling_hbt_language-march2022_-_final_edited.pdf\">Stonewall Handbook.<\/a><\/p><h3>1.2.2. ZPRACOV&Aacute;N&Iacute; T&Eacute;MATIKY<\/h3><h4><strong>1.2.2.1. 3.1 Cisheteronormativita je &scaron;kodliv&aacute; pro v&scaron;echny<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisheteronormativita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Ozna&#269;uje normativn&iacute; syst&eacute;m, v jeho&#382; r&aacute;mci jsou heterosexualita a\/nebo cisgenderov&aacute; identita pova&#382;ov&aacute;ny spole&#269;nost&iacute; za jedin&eacute; norm&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;sledky dosp&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;, socializace a v&yacute;voje &#382;ivotn&iacute;ch vztah&#367;, a proto jsou automaticky od v&scaron;ech p&#345;edpokl&aacute;d&aacute;ny\/o&#269;ek&aacute;v&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisheteronormativita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Cisheteronormativita<\/a> <\/strong>ozna&#269;uje normativn&iacute; syst&eacute;m, v jeho&#382; r&aacute;mci jsou heterosexualita a\/nebo <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgenderov&aacute; identita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Popisuje situaci, kdy je gender ur&#269;en&yacute; p&#345;i narozen&iacute; v souladu s genderovou sebeidentifikac&iacute; dan&eacute; osoby.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisgenderova-identita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgenderov&aacute; identita<\/a> (stav, kdy <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a> zapsan&eacute; p&#345;i narozen&iacute; je v souladu s genderovou sebeidentifikac&iacute; dan&eacute; osoby) pova&#382;ov&aacute;ny spole&#269;nost&iacute; za jedin&eacute; norm&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;sledky dosp&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;, socializace a v&yacute;voje &#382;ivotn&iacute;ch vztah&#367;, a jsou proto automaticky p&#345;edpokl&aacute;d&aacute;ny\/o&#269;ek&aacute;v&aacute;ny od v&scaron;ech (Pito&#328;&aacute;k, 2017). V d&#367;sledku cisheteronormativity m&aacute; &#345;ada dal&scaron;&iacute;ch rozmanit&yacute;ch forem sexuality a genderov&yacute;ch identit nerovnou hodnotu. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisheteronormativita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Ozna&#269;uje normativn&iacute; syst&eacute;m, v jeho&#382; r&aacute;mci jsou heterosexualita a\/nebo cisgenderov&aacute; identita pova&#382;ov&aacute;ny spole&#269;nost&iacute; za jedin&eacute; norm&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;sledky dosp&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;, socializace a v&yacute;voje &#382;ivotn&iacute;ch vztah&#367;, a proto jsou automaticky od v&scaron;ech p&#345;edpokl&aacute;d&aacute;ny\/o&#269;ek&aacute;v&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisheteronormativita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Cisheteronormativita<\/a> tak podmi&#328;uje stigmatizaci, diskriminaci a vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> osob.<\/p><p>V d&#367;sledku toho m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t dosp&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; ve spole&#269;nosti, kter&aacute; automaticky p&#345;edpokl&aacute;d&aacute;, &#382;e v&scaron;ichni lid&eacute; jsou <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Osoba, jej&iacute;&#382; genderov&aacute; identita je v souladu s pohlav&iacute;m, kter&eacute; j&iacute; bylo zaps&aacute;no p&#345;i narozen&iacute;, popisuje osoby, kter&eacute; nejsou transgender.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgender<\/a><\/strong> a <strong>heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;<\/strong>, pro mlad&eacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> osoby obt&iacute;&#382;n&eacute;, je v&scaron;ak d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; si uv&#283;domit, &#382;e tato mentalita ovliv&#328;uje v&scaron;echny, nejen samotn&eacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> osoby. D&aacute;le je d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; uv&eacute;st, &#382;e <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Heteronormativita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Normativn&iacute; syst&eacute;m, v jeho&#382; r&aacute;mci jsou heterosexualita a\/nebo cisgenderov&aacute; identita pova&#382;ov&aacute;ny spole&#269;nost&iacute; za jedin&yacute; norm&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;sledek dosp&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;, socializace a v&yacute;voje &#382;ivotn&iacute;ch vztah&#367;, a proto se automaticky p&#345;edpokl&aacute;daj&iacute;\/o&#269;ek&aacute;vaj&iacute; od ka&#382;d&eacute;ho.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/heteronormativita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">heteronormativita<\/a> nen&iacute; tot&eacute;&#382; co heterosexualita. Medi&aacute;ln&iacute; reprezentace a kulturn&iacute; normy ka&#382;dodenn&#283; posiluj&iacute; uveden&aacute; o&#269;ek&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; prost&#345;ednictv&iacute;m zn&aacute;zor&#328;ov&aacute;n&iacute; a utvrzov&aacute;n&iacute; stereotyp&#367; a cisheteronormativn&iacute;ho chov&aacute;n&iacute;, p&#345;edstav a podprahov&yacute;ch sd&#283;len&iacute;. Takov&eacute; prost&#345;ed&iacute; m&#367;&#382;e vyvol&aacute;vat nep&#345;&iacute;jemn&eacute; pocity studu a nepat&#345;i&#269;nosti u lid&iacute;, kte&#345;&iacute; se s n&iacute;m neztoto&#382;&#328;uj&iacute; nebo do jeho kategori&iacute; nezapadaj&iacute;. Warner pouk&aacute;zal na to, &#382;e jak&aacute;koliv legislativa ve prosp&#283;ch <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> dosp&#283;l&yacute;ch nem&#367;&#382;e odbourat toto str&aacute;d&aacute;n&iacute; mnoha d&#283;t&iacute;, kter&eacute; jsou spole&#269;nost&iacute; nuceny pat&#345;it do rol&iacute; definovan&yacute;ch cisheteronormativitou (Warner, 2000).<\/p><p>Jak ji&#382; bylo zm&iacute;n&#283;no, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisheteronormativita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Ozna&#269;uje normativn&iacute; syst&eacute;m, v jeho&#382; r&aacute;mci jsou heterosexualita a\/nebo cisgenderov&aacute; identita pova&#382;ov&aacute;ny spole&#269;nost&iacute; za jedin&eacute; norm&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;sledky dosp&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;, socializace a v&yacute;voje &#382;ivotn&iacute;ch vztah&#367;, a proto jsou automaticky od v&scaron;ech p&#345;edpokl&aacute;d&aacute;ny\/o&#269;ek&aacute;v&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisheteronormativita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisheteronormativita<\/a> je nep&#345;&iacute;zniv&aacute; i pro <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Osoba, jej&iacute;&#382; genderov&aacute; identita je v souladu s pohlav&iacute;m, kter&eacute; j&iacute; bylo zaps&aacute;no p&#345;i narozen&iacute;, popisuje osoby, kter&eacute; nejsou transgender.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgender<\/a><\/strong> a heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute; osoby. Je toti&#382; spojena se &scaron;kodliv&yacute;mi stereotypy, jak&yacute;mi jsou <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Toxick&aacute; maskulinita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Popisuje &scaron;kodliv&eacute; nadnesen&eacute; mu&#382;sk&eacute; normy, kter&eacute; podporuj&iacute; toxick&eacute; chov&aacute;n&iacute;, jako je n&aacute;sil&iacute;, sexismus a dominanci nad &#382;enami, a krom&#283; jin&eacute;ho negativn&#283; ovliv&#328;uj&iacute; i samotn&eacute; mu&#382;e.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/toxicka-maskulinita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">toxick&aacute; maskulinita<\/a>, misogynie nebo tak&eacute; <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Genderov&eacute; stereotypy&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;jsou to p&#345;edpoklady o tom, jac&iacute; jsou obvykle mu&#382;i a &#382;eny, nebo jak by se &#382;eny a mu&#382;i m&#283;li chovat, aby byli &amp;quot;spr&aacute;vn&yacute;mi&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/genderove-stereotypy\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">genderov&eacute; stereotypy<\/a><\/strong>. <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Toxick&aacute; maskulinita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Popisuje &scaron;kodliv&eacute; nadnesen&eacute; mu&#382;sk&eacute; normy, kter&eacute; podporuj&iacute; toxick&eacute; chov&aacute;n&iacute;, jako je n&aacute;sil&iacute;, sexismus a dominanci nad &#382;enami, a krom&#283; jin&eacute;ho negativn&#283; ovliv&#328;uj&iacute; i samotn&eacute; mu&#382;e.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/toxicka-maskulinita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Toxick&aacute; maskulinita<\/a><\/strong> ozna&#269;uje p&#345;ehnan&eacute; a &scaron;kodliv&eacute; maskulinn&iacute; normy, kter&eacute; podporuj&iacute; toxick&eacute; chov&aacute;n&iacute; &ndash; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;N&aacute;sil&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o z&aacute;va&#382;n&eacute; poru&scaron;en&iacute; lidsk&yacute;ch pr&aacute;v, kter&eacute; omezuje pr&aacute;vo lid&iacute; na &#382;ivot, svobodu, bezpe&#269;nost, d&#367;stojnost, du&scaron;evn&iacute; a t&#283;lesnou integritu a nediskriminaci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/nasili\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">n&aacute;sil&iacute;<\/a>, <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sexismus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Je definov&aacute;n jako diskrimina&#269;n&iacute; postoj zalo&#382;en&yacute; na p&#345;&iacute;slu&scaron;nosti k biologick&eacute;mu pohlav&iacute;, jemu&#382; jsou p&#345;isuzov&aacute;ny specifick&eacute; vlastnosti.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/sexismus\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sexismus<\/a> a nad&#345;azenost nad &#382;enami. Ty mimo jin&eacute; negativn&#283; ovliv&#328;uj&iacute; i samotn&eacute; mu&#382;e, nap&#345;&iacute;klad v podob&#283; vy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute;ho v&yacute;skytu probl&eacute;m&#367; s du&scaron;evn&iacute;m zdrav&iacute;m (Waling, 2019).<\/p><p>Takov&eacute; cisheteronormativn&iacute; normy t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute; se toho, jak by m&#283;la vypadat &bdquo;ide&aacute;ln&iacute;&rdquo; rodina, jak by m&#283;l vypadat &bdquo;ide&aacute;ln&iacute;&rdquo; genderov&yacute; projev, jak by m&#283;la vypadat &bdquo;ide&aacute;ln&iacute;&rdquo; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sexualita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o term&iacute;n pou&#382;&iacute;van&yacute; k ozna&#269;en&iacute; toho, jak lid&eacute; pro&#382;&iacute;vaj&iacute; a vyjad&#345;uj&iacute; sami sebe jako sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; bytosti.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/sexualita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sexualita<\/a> &#269;lov&#283;ka atd. jsou v praxi prosazov&aacute;ny p&#345;edev&scaron;&iacute;m p&#345;&iacute;slibem bezpe&#269;&iacute; a soun&aacute;le&#382;itosti, ale tak&eacute; vylu&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute;m a patologizac&iacute; jin&yacute;ch variant (McNeill, 2013). Doch&aacute;z&iacute; tak mimo jin&eacute; k rozd&iacute;l&#367;m v odm&#283;&#328;ov&aacute;n&iacute; &#382;en a mu&#382;&#367; nebo dokonce k genderov&#283; podm&iacute;n&#283;n&eacute;mu, sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;mu a dom&aacute;c&iacute;mu <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;N&aacute;sil&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o z&aacute;va&#382;n&eacute; poru&scaron;en&iacute; lidsk&yacute;ch pr&aacute;v, kter&eacute; omezuje pr&aacute;vo lid&iacute; na &#382;ivot, svobodu, bezpe&#269;nost, d&#367;stojnost, du&scaron;evn&iacute; a t&#283;lesnou integritu a nediskriminaci.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/nasili\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">n&aacute;sil&iacute;<\/a>.<\/p><h4>1.2.2.2.<strong> Nezleh&#269;ujte situaci mlad&yacute;ch LGBTQ+ lid&iacute;<\/strong><\/h4><p>Pokud &#269;&aacute;st spole&#269;nosti zleh&#269;uje zku&scaron;enosti <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Queer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;P&#345;&iacute;davn&eacute; jm&eacute;no pou&#382;&iacute;van&eacute; n&#283;kter&yacute;mi lidmi, jejich&#382; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientace nen&iacute; v&yacute;hradn&#283; heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute; nebo heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;. Tento zast&#345;e&scaron;uj&iacute;c&iacute; term&iacute;n zahrnuje lidi, kte&#345;&iacute; maj&iacute; nebin&aacute;rn&iacute;, genderov&#283; fluidn&iacute; nebo genderov&#283; nekonformn&iacute; identitu. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/queer\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">queer<\/a><\/strong> lid&iacute; a ozna&#269;uje je za trendov&yacute; &#382;ivotn&iacute; styl, je to nesm&iacute;rn&#283; po&scaron;kozuj&iacute;c&iacute;. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> lid&eacute; t&iacute;m p&#345;ich&aacute;zej&iacute; o svobodu projevu &#382;&iacute;t sv&#367;j vlastn&iacute; &#382;ivot autentick&yacute;m zp&#367;sobem a po&#345;&aacute;d dokola musej&iacute; zva&#382;ovat, jak&aacute; &#269;&aacute;st jejich prav&eacute;ho j&aacute; je pro spole&#269;nost vhodn&aacute; a co u&#382; je &bdquo;moc&rdquo; a m&#283;li by to skr&yacute;vat.<\/p><p>Jonathan Ned Katz v knize The Invention of Heterosexuality (Vyn&aacute;lez heterosexuality) dekonstruuje domn&#283;nku, &#382;e lid&eacute; byli v&#382;dy heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute; a &#382;e <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> lid&eacute; jsou ve spole&#269;nosti n&#283;&#269;&iacute;m &bdquo;nov&yacute;m&rdquo;. Objas&#328;uje, &#382;e <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sexualita&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Jedn&aacute; se o term&iacute;n pou&#382;&iacute;van&yacute; k ozna&#269;en&iacute; toho, jak lid&eacute; pro&#382;&iacute;vaj&iacute; a vyjad&#345;uj&iacute; sami sebe jako sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; bytosti.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/sexualita\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sexualita<\/a> je slo&#382;it&aacute; osa rozmanitosti, kter&aacute; nab&yacute;v&aacute; v r&#367;zn&yacute;ch kultur&aacute;ch mnoha podob &ndash; historicky i geograficky. Poukazuje na to, &#382;e heterosexualita, jak ji zn&aacute;me dnes, z&iacute;skala svou podobu v posledn&iacute;ch n&#283;kolika stalet&iacute;ch. Dichotomie heterosexuality a homosexuality je koncept vytvo&#345;en&yacute; p&#345;edev&scaron;&iacute;m ve 20. stolet&iacute; (Katz, 2007). Mnoho kultur, v nich&#382; byly genderov&#283; rozmanit&eacute; a genderov&#283; nekonformn&iacute; osoby viditeln&eacute;, zaniklo v d&#367;sledku z&aacute;padn&iacute;ho vlivu, kolonialismu a syst&eacute;mov&eacute; nerovnosti (<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;APA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Americk&aacute; psychologick&aacute; asociace&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/apa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>APA<\/a>, 2015).<\/p><h4>1.2.2.3.<strong> Co je norm&aacute;ln&iacute;? <\/strong><\/h4><p>Normalita je soci&aacute;ln&iacute; konstrukt, kter&yacute; m&#367;&#382;e ovliv&#328;ovat v&scaron;e, co nezapad&aacute; do jej&iacute;ch souvisej&iacute;c&iacute;ch norem, a je vn&iacute;m&aacute;no jako divn&eacute; nebo zavr&#382;en&iacute;hodn&eacute;. Mnoho lid&iacute; se p&#345;izp&#367;sobuje norm&aacute;m, ani&#382; by o nich p&#345;em&yacute;&scaron;leli. Nap&#345;&iacute;klad &#269;lov&#283;k se m&#367;&#382;e bezmy&scaron;lenkovit&#283; pt&aacute;t osoby, kterou vn&iacute;m&aacute; jako &#382;enu, na jej&iacute;ho p&#345;&iacute;tele, a p&#345;edpokl&aacute;dat tak jej&iacute; genderovou identitu i <strong>sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;<\/strong>\/romantickou <strong>orientaci<\/strong>. To je p&#345;&iacute;klad naturalizace cisheteronormativity. Pochybovat o norm&aacute;ch a uv&#283;domovat si, jak ovliv&#328;uj&iacute; na&scaron;e hodnoty a ka&#382;dodenn&iacute; &#382;ivot, m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t p&#345;&iacute;nosn&eacute; (Norm Critism Toolkit).<\/p><p>&Scaron;kodliv&eacute; m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t tak&eacute; porovn&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; m&iacute;ry viditelnosti <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> lid&iacute; v r&#367;zn&yacute;ch historick&yacute;ch obdob&iacute;ch. <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> terminologie je relativn&#283; nov&aacute;. Stejn&#283; tak ale i koncept romantick&eacute; l&aacute;sky, jak jej zn&aacute;me dnes. Nen&iacute; proto mo&#382;n&eacute; srovn&aacute;vat a kvantifikovat podoby sexuality nap&#345;&iacute;&#269; histori&iacute;. Ale i kdy&#382; p&#345;esn&#283; nev&iacute;me, kolik neheterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch a translid&iacute; &#382;ilo v minulosti, je jist&eacute;, &#382;e takov&iacute; lid&eacute; v&#382;dy existovali a byli, jsou a budou sou&#269;&aacute;st&iacute; spole&#269;nosti (Rupp, 2001).<\/p><h4>1.2.2.4.<strong> P&#345;edstavuj&iacute; &scaron;koly bezpe&#269;n&yacute; prostor pro LGBTQ+ ml&aacute;de&#382;?<\/strong><\/h4><p>&bdquo;Dokonce i ve spole&#269;nostech, kde je sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; rozmanitost obecn&#283; p&#345;ij&iacute;m&aacute;na, jsou &scaron;koly st&aacute;le ozna&#269;ov&aacute;ny za jeden z nejhomofobn&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;ch (tj. homonegativn&iacute;ch) soci&aacute;ln&iacute;ch prostor&#367;. Na mnoh&yacute;ch &scaron;kol&aacute;ch je homofobn&iacute; jazyk b&#283;&#382;nou z&aacute;le&#382;itost&iacute; a v &#345;ad&#283; zem&iacute; pou&#382;&iacute;vaj&iacute; &#382;&aacute;ci (na z&aacute;kladn&iacute;ch i st&#345;edn&iacute;ch &scaron;kol&aacute;ch) v&yacute;raz &bdquo;gay&rdquo; jako ur&aacute;&#382;ku. Nap&#345;&iacute;klad studie proveden&aacute; ve Velk&eacute; Brit&aacute;nii uv&aacute;d&iacute;, &#382;e 95 % u&#269;itel&#367; st&#345;edn&iacute;ch &scaron;kol a t&#345;i &#269;tvrtiny u&#269;itel&#367; z&aacute;kladn&iacute;ch &scaron;kol sly&scaron;ely fr&aacute;ze &bdquo;to je stra&scaron;n&#283; tepl&yacute;&rdquo; nebo &bdquo;ty jsi fakt teplej&rdquo; pou&#382;&iacute;van&eacute; takov&yacute;mto ur&aacute;&#382;liv&yacute;m zp&#367;sobem. Stejn&aacute; studie tak&eacute; uvedla, &#382;e 90 % vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute;ch na st&#345;edn&iacute;ch &scaron;kol&aacute;ch a v&iacute;ce ne&#382; 40 % vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute;ch na z&aacute;kladn&iacute;ch &scaron;kol&aacute;ch &#345;eklo, &#382;e na jejich &scaron;kol&aacute;ch doch&aacute;zelo k homofobn&iacute; &scaron;ikan&#283;, nad&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; nebo obt&#283;&#382;ov&aacute;n&iacute;, a to bez ohledu na sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientaci, U&#269;itel&eacute; st&#345;edn&iacute;ch &scaron;kol zase ozna&#269;ili homofobn&iacute; &scaron;ikanu za druhou nej&#269;ast&#283;j&scaron;&iacute; formu &scaron;ikany (po nad&aacute;vk&aacute;ch t&yacute;kaj&iacute;c&iacute;ch se hmotnosti) (Dankmeije 2012, s. 6).<\/p><p>&bdquo;V jedn&eacute; americk&eacute; studii 57 % respondent&#367; uvedlo, &#382;e se setkali s homofobn&iacute;mi pozn&aacute;mkami ze strany zam&#283;stnanc&#367; &scaron;koly. [&hellip;] V&iacute;ce ne&#382; polovina vzorku translid&iacute; uvedla, &#382;e byli fyzicky napadeni, 74 % uvedlo, &#382;e byli ve &scaron;kole sexu&aacute;ln&#283; obt&#283;&#382;ov&aacute;ni, a 90 % uvedlo, &#382;e se ve &scaron;kole nec&iacute;tili bezpe&#269;n&#283; kv&#367;li sv&eacute; genderov&eacute; identit&#283;. Tato zji&scaron;t&#283;n&iacute; se shoduj&iacute; s podobn&yacute;mi studiemi v jin&yacute;ch zem&iacute;ch, v&#269;etn&#283; Austr&aacute;lie a Spojen&eacute;ho kr&aacute;lovstv&iacute;&rdquo; (Dankmeije, 2012, s. 7).<\/p><p>Podobn&#283; i v&yacute;sledky ned&aacute;vn&eacute; studie proveden&eacute; v &#268;esku ukazuj&iacute;, &#382;e v pr&#367;m&#283;ru pouze p&#283;ti z deseti chlapc&#367; a osmi z deseti d&iacute;vek by nevadilo, kdyby m&#283;li homosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ho spolu&#382;&aacute;ka (Pito&#328;&aacute;k &amp; Spilkov&aacute;, 2016). Je v&scaron;ak d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; vz&iacute;t do &uacute;vahy, &#382;e tato studie p&#345;edstavila pouze &#269;&aacute;st probl&eacute;mu, jeliko&#382; pou&#382;&iacute;vala genderov&#283; bin&aacute;rn&iacute; p&#345;&iacute;stup a uva&#382;ovala pouze o sexualit&#283;, nikoli o genderov&eacute; &#269;i vztahov&eacute; rozmanitosti.<\/p><p>&Scaron;koly mohou hr&aacute;t aktivn&iacute; roli v podporov&aacute;n&iacute; respektu, rozmanitosti a inkluze, a vytv&aacute;&#345;et tak atmosf&eacute;ru, ve kter&eacute; se v&scaron;ichni c&iacute;t&iacute; p&#345;ij&iacute;m&aacute;ni, kde se v&scaron;ichni mohou soust&#345;edit a u&#269;it se nov&yacute;m v&#283;cem. Vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute; mohou ve sv&yacute;ch hodin&aacute;ch zmi&#328;ovat r&#367;znorodost genderov&eacute; identity a <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientace&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Ozna&#269;uje trvalou formu citov&eacute;, romantick&eacute; a\/nebo sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; p&#345;ita&#382;livosti k mu&#382;&#367;m, &#382;en&aacute;m nebo k ob&#283;ma pohlav&iacute;m.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/sexualni-orientace\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientace<\/a>, a tak umo&#382;nit <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> d&#283;tem, aby se c&iacute;tily vn&iacute;m&aacute;ny. Vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute; mohou tak&eacute; prob&iacute;rat t&eacute;mata genderov&yacute;ch stereotyp&#367;, osobn&iacute;ch hranic, komunikace a vz&aacute;jemn&eacute;ho respektu. D&#367;le&#382;itou roli hraj&iacute; tak&eacute; jako vzor &ndash; sv&yacute;m vyjad&#345;ov&aacute;n&iacute;m, chov&aacute;n&iacute;m a postojem k pr&aacute;v&#367;m a lidem <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> pak d&aacute;vaj&iacute; pozitivn&iacute; p&#345;&iacute;klad ostatn&iacute;m. Tot&eacute;&#382; plat&iacute; pro jejich reakce na homofobn&iacute; vtipy a pozn&aacute;mky.<\/p><h3><i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-right\"><\/i> &ndash; 1.2.3. DISKRIMINA&#268;N&Iacute; SITUACE SOUVISEJ&Iacute;C&Iacute; S DAN&Yacute;M T&Eacute;MATEM <i class=\"fa-light fas fa-balance-scale-left\"><\/i><\/h3><p>Nedostate&#269;n&eacute; p&#345;ijet&iacute; a uzn&aacute;n&iacute; ze strany &scaron;koly stejn&#283; jako neznalost nebo podce&#328;ov&aacute;n&iacute; &uacute;mysl&#367; a motivac&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch m&#367;&#382;e m&iacute;t v&aacute;&#382;n&eacute; d&#367;sledky zejm&eacute;na pro trans studuj&iacute;c&iacute;. P&#345;&iacute;kladem takov&eacute; situace m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t okolnost, kdy trans student oslov&iacute; sv&eacute;ho u&#269;itele nebo jin&eacute;ho zam&#283;stnance &scaron;koly (nap&#345;. &scaron;koln&iacute;ho psychologa) a informuje jej o sv&eacute; sebeidentifikaci a z&aacute;jmenech. &Scaron;kola je v&scaron;ak neuzn&aacute; a rad&#283;ji pokra&#269;uje v misgenderov&aacute;n&iacute; studuj&iacute;c&iacute;*ho, p&#345;i&#269;em&#382; se &#345;&iacute;d&iacute; sp&iacute;&scaron;e p&#345;&aacute;n&iacute;m rodi&#269;&#367; ne&#382; p&#345;&aacute;n&iacute;m studuj&iacute;c&iacute;*ho. Tato situace m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t pro trans studuj&iacute;c&iacute;*ho obzvl&aacute;&scaron;&#357; traumatizuj&iacute;c&iacute;, proto&#382;e jeho*jej&iacute; identita je odm&iacute;tnuta. Tak&eacute; to m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t precedens pro to, jak by se ve &scaron;kole mohlo zach&aacute;zet s dal&scaron;&iacute;mi trans studuj&iacute;c&iacute;mi, a to by mohlo v&eacute;st k mnoha negativn&iacute;m d&#367;sledk&#367;m (du&scaron;evn&iacute; zdrav&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> ml&aacute;de&#382;e, z&aacute;brany ohledem coming outu, obavy po&#382;&aacute;dat o pomoc, je-li to pot&#345;eba, izolace a odm&iacute;t&aacute;n&iacute; r&#367;znorodosti sexuality\/genderu\/vztah&#367; atd.).<\/p><p>Podobn&#283; m&#367;&#382;e <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Coming out&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Ozna&#269;uje proces, kter&yacute;m proch&aacute;zej&iacute; LGBTQ+ lid&eacute;, kdy&#382; usiluj&iacute; o p&#345;ijet&iacute; sv&eacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientace nebo genderov&eacute; identity a otev&#345;en&#283; se o n&iacute; sv&#283;&#345;uj&iacute; ostatn&iacute;m lidem. Nejedn&aacute; se o jednor&aacute;zovou ud&aacute;lost, ale o nikdy nekon&#269;&iacute;c&iacute; proces, kter&yacute; m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t velmi stresuj&iacute;c&iacute; zejm&eacute;na v homo\/transphobick&eacute;m prost&#345;ed&iacute;. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/coming-out\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">coming out<\/a> <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Queer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;P&#345;&iacute;davn&eacute; jm&eacute;no pou&#382;&iacute;van&eacute; n&#283;kter&yacute;mi lidmi, jejich&#382; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientace nen&iacute; v&yacute;hradn&#283; heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute; nebo heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;. Tento zast&#345;e&scaron;uj&iacute;c&iacute; term&iacute;n zahrnuje lidi, kte&#345;&iacute; maj&iacute; nebin&aacute;rn&iacute;, genderov&#283; fluidn&iacute; nebo genderov&#283; nekonformn&iacute; identitu. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/queer\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">queer<\/a> studenta v r&aacute;mci t&#345;&iacute;dy podn&iacute;tit diskriminaci ze strany ostatn&iacute;ch spolu&#382;&aacute;k&#367;. Zam&#283;stnanci &scaron;koly jsou zodpov&#283;dn&iacute; za to, aby prost&#345;ed&iacute; t&#345;&iacute;dy bylo bezpe&#269;n&yacute;m prostorem pro v&scaron;echny studuj&iacute;c&iacute;, v&#269;etn&#283; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch.<\/p><p>Ka&#382;dodenn&iacute; <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Mikroagrese&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:list {&amp;quot;ordered&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:list-item {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;(Pro rodiny) Jedn&aacute; se o nen&aacute;padn&eacute; &uacute;strky, zneva&#382;ov&aacute;n&iacute; a ur&aacute;&#382;ky, kter&eacute; jsou zam&#283;&#345;eny na lidi kv&#367;li jejich skute&#269;n&eacute; nebo domn&#283;l&eacute; p&#345;&iacute;slu&scaron;nosti k marginalizovan&eacute; skupin&#283;, v tomto p&#345;&iacute;pad&#283; LGBTQ+. Mikroagrese n&#283;kdy b&yacute;vaj&iacute; nev&#283;dom&eacute; a obt&iacute;&#382;n&#283; identifikovateln&eacute; kv&#367;li jejich nejednozna&#269;n&eacute;mu charakteru. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:list-item --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:list-item {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;(Pro vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute;) Jsou takov&aacute; chov&aacute;n&iacute;, kter&aacute; nen&aacute;padn&#283; nebo nep&#345;&iacute;mo sd&#283;luj&iacute; hanliv&eacute; a\/nebo nep&#345;&aacute;telsk&eacute; poselstv&iacute; a zp&#367;sobuj&iacute;, &#382;e se LGBTQ+ lid&eacute; c&iacute;t&iacute; nep&#345;&iacute;jemn&#283; nebo jsou ur&aacute;&#382;eni. K t&#283;mto agres&iacute;m pat&#345;&iacute; nap&#345;&iacute;klad gesta, vt&iacute;rav&eacute; ot&aacute;zky, stereotypizace a dal&scaron;&iacute;. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:list-item --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/ol&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:list --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/mikroagrese\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">mikroagrese<\/a><\/strong> v podob&#283; zd&aacute;nliv&#283; ne&scaron;kodn&yacute;ch vtip&#367; nebo v&yacute;rok&#367; ve skute&#269;nosti prohlubuj&iacute; cisheteronormativn&iacute; vn&iacute;m&aacute;n&iacute; a upev&#328;uj&iacute; specifick&eacute; spole&#269;ensk&eacute; normy, chov&aacute;n&iacute; a postoje. Takov&eacute; prost&#345;ed&iacute; podporuje diskriminaci a ta je z&aacute;kladem pro pokra&#269;ov&aacute;n&iacute; a prohlubov&aacute;n&iacute; normalizace cisheteronormativity.<\/p><p>Dal&scaron;&iacute;m p&#345;&iacute;kladem cisheteronormativn&iacute;ho sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ho vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; je situace, ve kter&eacute; jsou <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> t&eacute;mata, nebo je&scaron;t&#283; h&#367;&#345;e t&eacute;mata vyu&#269;ovan&aacute; za pomoc&iacute; zastaral&eacute; a p&#345;ekonan&eacute; terminologie (jako je &bdquo;homosexualita&rdquo;), prob&iacute;ran&aacute; pouze v kontextu rizikovosti p&#345;enosu <strong>sexu&aacute;ln&#283; p&#345;enosn&yacute;ch infekc&iacute; (<a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;STIs&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Sexu&aacute;ln&#283; p&#345;enosn&eacute; infekce&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/stis\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">STIs<\/a>)<\/strong> a <strong>sexu&aacute;ln&#283; p&#345;enosn&yacute;ch nemoc&iacute; (STD)<\/strong>, konkr&eacute;tn&#283; viru lidsk&eacute; imunodeficience (<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Virus lidsk&eacute;ho imunodeficitu&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a>). U&#269;itel&eacute; a rodi&#269;e by se m&#283;li vyvarovat sm&#283;&scaron;ov&aacute;n&iacute; t&#283;chto t&eacute;mat.<\/p><p>V&scaron;em studuj&iacute;c&iacute;m by prosp&#283;lo, kdyby se dozv&#283;d&#283;li o bezpe&#269;n&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;ch sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch praktik&aacute;ch, kter&eacute; p&#345;esahuj&iacute; r&aacute;mec cisheteronormativn&iacute;ch informac&iacute; nebo pou&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; kondom&#367;. Vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute; nebo jin&iacute; zam&#283;stnanci &scaron;koly by nap&#345;&iacute;klad m&#283;li poskytovat informace o t&eacute;matech, jak&yacute;mi jsou an&aacute;ln&iacute; hygiena nebo u&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;PrEP&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Preexpozi&#269;n&iacute; profylaxe: l&eacute;k, kter&yacute; mohou lid&eacute; ohro&#382;en&iacute; virem HIV u&#382;&iacute;vat, aby zabr&aacute;nili p&#345;enosu viru.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/prep\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">PrEP<\/a><\/strong> (Pre-Expozi&#269;n&iacute; profylaxe: l&eacute;k&#367;, kter&eacute; mohou u&#382;&iacute;vat lid&eacute; ohro&#382;en&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Virus lidsk&eacute;ho imunodeficitu&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a>, aby p&#345;edch&aacute;zeli jeho p&#345;enosu), nebo <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;PEP&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Postexpozi&#269;n&iacute; profylaxe: l&eacute;k, kter&yacute; lze pou&#382;&iacute;t k prevenci infekce HIV do 72 hodin po expozici.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pep\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>PEP<\/a> <\/strong>(Post-Expozi&#269;n&iacute; profylaxe: l&eacute;k&#367;, kter&eacute; lze u&#382;&iacute;vat k zabr&aacute;n&#283;n&iacute; n&aacute;kazy <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Virus lidsk&eacute;ho imunodeficitu&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a> do 72 hodin po expozici), jestli&#382;e se na n&#283; zeptaj&iacute;, a tak se vyhnout stigmatizov&aacute;n&iacute; t&#283;chto praktik.<\/p><p>Rodi&#269;e maj&iacute; tendenci pt&aacute;t se sv&yacute;ch d&#283;t&iacute; na jejich potenci&aacute;ln&iacute; partnery: &bdquo;Synu, kdy u&#382; si kone&#269;n&#283; najde&scaron; p&#345;&iacute;telkyni?&rdquo;. Nem&#283;li bychom ale p&#345;edpokl&aacute;dat, &#382;e v&scaron;ichni: 1) jsou <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Osoba, jej&iacute;&#382; genderov&aacute; identita je v souladu s pohlav&iacute;m, kter&eacute; j&iacute; bylo zaps&aacute;no p&#345;i narozen&iacute;, popisuje osoby, kter&eacute; nejsou transgender.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgender<\/a> a heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute; nebo 2) &#382;e v&#367;bec cht&#283;j&iacute; m&iacute;t vztah. Takov&eacute; pozn&aacute;mky pat&#345;&iacute; mezi <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Mikroagrese&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:list {&amp;quot;ordered&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:list-item {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;(Pro rodiny) Jedn&aacute; se o nen&aacute;padn&eacute; &uacute;strky, zneva&#382;ov&aacute;n&iacute; a ur&aacute;&#382;ky, kter&eacute; jsou zam&#283;&#345;eny na lidi kv&#367;li jejich skute&#269;n&eacute; nebo domn&#283;l&eacute; p&#345;&iacute;slu&scaron;nosti k marginalizovan&eacute; skupin&#283;, v tomto p&#345;&iacute;pad&#283; LGBTQ+. Mikroagrese n&#283;kdy b&yacute;vaj&iacute; nev&#283;dom&eacute; a obt&iacute;&#382;n&#283; identifikovateln&eacute; kv&#367;li jejich nejednozna&#269;n&eacute;mu charakteru. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:list-item --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:list-item {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;(Pro vyu&#269;uj&iacute;c&iacute;) Jsou takov&aacute; chov&aacute;n&iacute;, kter&aacute; nen&aacute;padn&#283; nebo nep&#345;&iacute;mo sd&#283;luj&iacute; hanliv&eacute; a\/nebo nep&#345;&aacute;telsk&eacute; poselstv&iacute; a zp&#367;sobuj&iacute;, &#382;e se LGBTQ+ lid&eacute; c&iacute;t&iacute; nep&#345;&iacute;jemn&#283; nebo jsou ur&aacute;&#382;eni. K t&#283;mto agres&iacute;m pat&#345;&iacute; nap&#345;&iacute;klad gesta, vt&iacute;rav&eacute; ot&aacute;zky, stereotypizace a dal&scaron;&iacute;. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:list-item --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/ol&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:list --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/mikroagrese\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">mikroagrese<\/a>, kter&yacute;m <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> lid&eacute; &#269;el&iacute; ka&#382;dodenn&#283; a kter&eacute; napom&aacute;haj&iacute; udr&#382;ovat cisheteronormativn&iacute; perspektivu.<\/p><p>Dal&scaron;&iacute; p&#345;&iacute;klady najdete na tomto odkazu <a href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/docs\/1-identitay-rozmanitost-sexualit-3\/\">sexual diversity topic.<\/a><\/p><h3>1.2.4. P&#344;&Iacute;KLADY DOBR&Eacute; PRAXE<\/h3><div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6746 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1728\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2.webp 1728w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-300x150.webp 300w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-1024x512.webp 1024w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-768x384.webp 768w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-20x10.webp 20w, https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/grid_0-2-1536x768.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1728px) 100vw, 1728px\"\/><\/div><p>Jedn&iacute;m ze zp&#367;sob&#367;, jak se vyhnout cisheteronormativn&iacute;m stereotyp&#367;m v chov&aacute;n&iacute;, je pou&#382;&iacute;vat inkluzivn&iacute; nebo neutr&aacute;ln&iacute; jazyk. Co to znamen&aacute;? (Viz tabulka 1)<\/p><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Nam&iacute;sto:<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Vyzkou&scaron;ejte:<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D&aacute;my a p&aacute;nov&eacute;<\/td><td>V&aacute;&#382;en&iacute; \/ Mil&iacute; host&eacute; \/ V&scaron;ichni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chlapci a d&iacute;vky<\/td><td>Studuj&iacute;c&iacute;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mu&#382;i a &#382;eny<\/td><td>V&scaron;ichni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sestry a brat&#345;i<\/td><td>Sourozenci<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><h6>Tabulka 1. P&#345;&iacute;klady inkluzivn&iacute;ho nebo neutr&aacute;ln&iacute;ho jazyka<\/h6><h4><strong>1.2.4.1. 5.1 Komplexn&iacute; a inkluzivn&iacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chova zahrnuje (Tolerance, 2018, s. 15):<\/strong><\/h4><p>Diskuzi o genderov&yacute;ch identit&aacute;ch a sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientaci &ndash; nejen jako zvl&aacute;&scaron;tn&iacute; t&eacute;ma, ale jako sou&#269;&aacute;st cel&eacute; v&yacute;uky. Hovo&#345;&iacute;te-li nap&#345;&iacute;klad o vztaz&iacute;ch nebo sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch aktivit&aacute;ch, m&#367;&#382;ete pou&#382;&iacute;vat genderov&#283; neutr&aacute;ln&iacute; term&iacute;ny jako &bdquo;kdy&#382; se dva lid&eacute; zamiluj&iacute;&rdquo; m&iacute;sto &bdquo;kdy&#382; se zamiluje mu&#382; a &#382;ena&rdquo;.<\/p><p>Uv&aacute;d&#283;jte p&#345;&iacute;klady zdrav&yacute;ch a rozmanit&yacute;ch vztah&#367;, v&#269;etn&#283; vztah&#367; mezi osobami stejn&eacute;ho <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a>\/genderu.<\/p><p>P&#345;&iacute;klady rozmanit&yacute;ch rodinn&yacute;ch konstelac&iacute;, v&#269;etn&#283; rodin tvo&#345;en&yacute;ch p&aacute;ry stejn&eacute;ho <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Pohlav&iacute;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;v &#269;esk&eacute;m kontextu se pohlav&iacute;m mysl&iacute; a) biologick&eacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy to, jak&eacute; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny, chromozomy nebo slo&#382;en&iacute; hormon&#367; m&aacute;me; b) &uacute;&#345;edn&iacute; pohlav&iacute;, tedy &uacute;daj na rodn&eacute;m listu a jin&yacute;ch dokladech nebo c) p&#345;enesen&#283; pohlavn&iacute; org&aacute;ny.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/pohlavi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pohlav&iacute;<\/a>\/genderu.<\/p><p>Informujte o bezpe&#269;n&yacute;ch sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch praktik&aacute;ch pro lidi v&scaron;ech genderov&yacute;ch a sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch identit, v&#269;etn&#283; mo&#382;nost&iacute; ochrany.<\/p><p>L&eacute;ka&#345;sky p&#345;esn&eacute;, prost&eacute; m&yacute;t&#367; a v&#283;ku p&#345;im&#283;&#345;en&eacute; informace o pohlavn&#283; p&#345;enosn&yacute;ch infekc&iacute;ch a jejich prevenci, mimo jin&eacute; v&#269;etn&#283; viru <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;HIV&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Virus lidsk&eacute;ho imunodeficitu&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/hiv\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>HIV<\/a>\/syndromu z&iacute;skan&eacute;ho selh&aacute;n&iacute; imunity (<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;AIDS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Syndrom z&iacute;skan&eacute; imunitn&iacute; nedostate&#269;nosti&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/aids\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>AIDS<\/a>).<\/p><p>V&yacute;uka, kter&aacute; nep&#345;edpokl&aacute;d&aacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute;\/romantickou orientaci a genderovou identitu studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch a kter&aacute; se zab&yacute;v&aacute; t&eacute;maty <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> bez ohledu na to, zda jsou studenti ve t&#345;&iacute;d&#283; &bdquo;out&rdquo;, &#269;i nikoli.<\/p><h4>1.2.4.2.<strong> Doporu&#269;en&iacute;:<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong>Ud&#283;lejte si ve t&#345;&iacute;d&#283; vizu&aacute;ln&iacute; audit<\/strong> a prov&#283;&#345;te n&aacute;st&#283;nky a dal&scaron;&iacute; viditeln&eacute; materi&aacute;ly. Reprezentuj&iacute; osoby s rozmanit&yacute;mi genderov&yacute;mi projevy? Jsou na nich vyobrazeny &bdquo;netradi&#269;n&iacute; rodiny&rdquo; nebo rodiny s <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> osobami?<\/p><p><strong>Mluvte o skupin&#283; d&#283;t&iacute; jako o studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch<\/strong>, <strong>&#382;&aacute;c&iacute;ch, t&#345;&iacute;d&#283;, p&#345;&aacute;tel&iacute;ch nebo o v&scaron;ech<\/strong>. Vyhn&#283;te se bin&aacute;rn&iacute;m term&iacute;n&#367;m &bdquo;chlapci a d&iacute;vky&rdquo;.<\/p><p><strong>Vyhn&#283;te se rozd&#283;lov&aacute;n&iacute; studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch podle genderu.<\/strong> Rozd&#283;lov&aacute;n&iacute; studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch na z&aacute;klad&#283; bin&aacute;rn&iacute; klasifikace pouze posiluje pocity odli&scaron;nosti. P&#345;i rozd&#283;lov&aacute;n&iacute; studuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch do t&yacute;m&#367;, za &uacute;&#269;elem spolupr&aacute;ce nebo roz&#345;azen&iacute;, pou&#382;&iacute;vejte &#345;ady, skupiny stol&#367; nebo strany m&iacute;stnosti.<\/p><p><strong>P&#345;i b&#283;&#382;n&yacute;ch rozhovorech se studentstvem se vyvarujte domn&#283;nek zalo&#382;en&yacute;ch na genderu<\/strong>, jak&yacute;mi jsou nap&#345;&iacute;klad &bdquo;kluci jsou kluci&rdquo; nebo &bdquo;holky r&aacute;dy pomlouvaj&iacute;&rdquo;. Nikdy se &#382;&aacute;ky nevtipkujte a ned&#283;lejte si z nich legraci zp&#367;sobem, kter&yacute; by p&#345;edpokl&aacute;dal cisgenderovou identitu nebo heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientaci.<\/p><p><strong>Podporujte v&scaron;echny studuj&iacute;c&iacute;, aby si zkusili r&#367;zn&eacute; typy aktivit<\/strong>. Necht&#283;jte po skupin&#283; &bdquo;siln&yacute;ch chlapc&#367;&rdquo;, aby pom&aacute;hali nosit n&aacute;bytek, nebo po &bdquo;um&#283;lecky nadan&yacute;ch d&iacute;vk&aacute;ch&rdquo;, aby vyzdobily n&aacute;st&#283;nku. Zapojte v&scaron;echny do &scaron;irok&eacute; &scaron;k&aacute;ly aktivit ve t&#345;&iacute;d&#283; a nab&iacute;dn&#283;te jim rovn&eacute; p&#345;&iacute;le&#382;itosti k &uacute;&#269;asti. <strong>Learning for justice (2021): Teaching Tolerance (a project of the Southern Poverty Law Centre).<\/strong><\/p><p>M&#367;&#382;ete nav&aacute;zat spolupr&aacute;ci s organizacemi, kter&eacute; se sna&#382;&iacute; o inkluzi <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> lid&iacute; a nab&iacute;zej&iacute; vhodn&eacute; zdroje a n&aacute;stroje. M&#367;&#382;ete se tak&eacute; sezn&aacute;mit s nej&#269;ast&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;mi m&yacute;ty o <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> lidech a s argumenty nam&iacute;&#345;en&yacute;mi proti komplexn&iacute; a inkluzivn&iacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chov&#283;. M&#367;&#382;ete se nau&#269;it, jak&yacute;m zp&#367;sobem je m&#367;&#382;ete p&#345;i v&yacute;uce o hodnot&#283; inkluze dekonstruovat. Je d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; si nejprve uv&#283;domit a nau&#269;it se dekonstruovat to, co jsme se v pr&#367;b&#283;hu &#382;ivota nau&#269;ili, abychom pochopili, pro&#269; mohou b&yacute;t na&scaron;e chov&aacute;n&iacute; a postoje zaujat&eacute; a &scaron;&iacute;&#345;it &#345;adu ne&#382;&aacute;douc&iacute;ch informac&iacute;. Cenn&yacute;m zdrojem informac&iacute; je <a href=\"https:\/\/www.learningforjustice.org\/magazine\/publications\/best-practices-for-serving-lgbtq-students\">tato p&#345;&iacute;ru&#269;ka.<\/a><\/p><h3>1.2.5. REFERENCE<\/h3><p><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;APA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Americk&aacute; psychologick&aacute; asociace&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/apa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>APA<\/a> (2015). Guidelines for psychological practice with transgender and <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Gender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Gender je mnohorozm&#283;rn&yacute;m konstruktem, kter&yacute; m&aacute; psychologick&yacute;, soci&aacute;ln&iacute; a behavior&aacute;ln&iacute; rozm&#283;r, zahrnuje genderovou identitu a genderov&eacute; vyjad&#345;ov&aacute;n&iacute;. N&#283;kdy se setk&aacute;v&aacute;me s pojmem &amp;quot;soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohlav&iacute;&amp;quot;, proto&#382;e jeho v&yacute;znam nevztahujeme k n&#283;jak&eacute; biologick&eacute; danosti, ale k tomu jak&eacute; vlastnosti spole&#269;nost a p&#345;&iacute;slu&scaron;n&aacute; kultura lidem p&#345;isuzuje na z&aacute;klad&#283; jejich genderov&eacute; identity.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">gender<\/a> nonconforming people. American psychologist, 70(9), 832-864.<\/p><p>Dankmeije, P. (2012) Advocate for Sexual Diversity Education: A Guide to Advocate for Enhanced Quality of Education Dealing with Sexual Diversity. GALE (The Global Alliance for LGBT Education). Amsterdam, The Netherlands.<\/p><p>Deliver, I. P. P. F. (2017). enable toolkit: scaling-up comprehensive sexuality education (CSE). London (UK): International Planned Parenthood Federation.<\/p><p>Katz, J. (2007). <em>The invention of heterosexuality<\/em>. University of Chicago Press.<\/p><p>Learning for Justice. (2021) Best practices for serving LGBTQ students: A Teaching Tolerance guide. Southern Poverty Law Cente, Alabama, USA.<\/p><p>McNeill, T. (2013). Sex education and the promotion of heteronormativity. Sexualities, 16(7), 826&ndash;846. doi:10.1177\/1363460713497216<\/p><p>Norm criticism Toolkit (2016). Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iglyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Norm-Criticism-Toolkit.pdf\">https:\/\/www.iglyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Norm-Criticism-Toolkit.pdf<\/a><\/p><p>Pito&#328;&aacute;k, M., &amp; Spilkov&aacute;, J. (2016). Homophobic Prejudice in Czech Youth: a Sociodemographic Analysis of Young People&rsquo;s Opinions on Homosexuality. Sex Res Soc Policy 13, 215&ndash;229. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13178-015-0215-8\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13178-015-0215-8<\/a><\/p><p>Pito&#328;&aacute;k, M. (2017). Differences in mental health between non-heterosexuals and heterosexuals : a review study. In Czechoslovak psychology (Vol. 61, pp. 575-592).<\/p><p>Rupp, L. (2001). <em>Vytou&#382;en&aacute; minulost: D&#283;jiny l&aacute;sky a sexuality od p&#345;&iacute;chodu Evropan&#367; po sou&#269;asnost.<\/em> Praha: OWP,<\/p><p>Warner, M. (2000). <em>The trouble with normal: Sex, politics, and the ethics of <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Queer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;P&#345;&iacute;davn&eacute; jm&eacute;no pou&#382;&iacute;van&eacute; n&#283;kter&yacute;mi lidmi, jejich&#382; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; orientace nen&iacute; v&yacute;hradn&#283; heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute; nebo heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;. Tento zast&#345;e&scaron;uj&iacute;c&iacute; term&iacute;n zahrnuje lidi, kte&#345;&iacute; maj&iacute; nebin&aacute;rn&iacute;, genderov&#283; fluidn&iacute; nebo genderov&#283; nekonformn&iacute; identitu. &amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/queer\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">queer<\/a> life<\/em>. Harvard University Press.<\/p><p>Waling, A. (2019). Problematising &lsquo;toxic&rsquo; and &lsquo;healthy&rsquo; masculinity for addressing <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Gender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Gender je mnohorozm&#283;rn&yacute;m konstruktem, kter&yacute; m&aacute; psychologick&yacute;, soci&aacute;ln&iacute; a behavior&aacute;ln&iacute; rozm&#283;r, zahrnuje genderovou identitu a genderov&eacute; vyjad&#345;ov&aacute;n&iacute;. N&#283;kdy se setk&aacute;v&aacute;me s pojmem &amp;quot;soci&aacute;ln&iacute; pohlav&iacute;&amp;quot;, proto&#382;e jeho v&yacute;znam nevztahujeme k n&#283;jak&eacute; biologick&eacute; danosti, ale k tomu jak&eacute; vlastnosti spole&#269;nost a p&#345;&iacute;slu&scaron;n&aacute; kultura lidem p&#345;isuzuje na z&aacute;klad&#283; jejich genderov&eacute; identity.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/gender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">gender<\/a> inequalities. <em>Australian Feminist Studies, 34(101)<\/em>, 362-375.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ve &scaron;kol&aacute;ch chyb&iacute; inkluzivn&iacute; sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chova. Tam, kde se sexu&aacute;ln&iacute; v&yacute;chova vyu&#269;uje, je velmi &#269;asto cisheteronormativn&iacute;, co&#382; vylu&#269;uje <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> mladistv&eacute;. V d&#367;sledku p&#367;soben&iacute; stigmatizace a men&scaron;inov&eacute;ho stresu je du&scaron;evn&iacute; zdrav&iacute; <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;LGBTQ+&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Lesby, gayov&eacute;, bisexu&aacute;ln&iacute;, transgender, queer a dal&scaron;&iacute; osoby&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/lgbtq\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">LGBTQ+<\/a> ml&aacute;de&#382;e v&yacute;razn&#283; ohro&#382;en&#283;j&scaron;&iacute; ve srovn&aacute;n&iacute; se zdrav&iacute;m jejich <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Cisgender&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph {&amp;quot;translatedWithWPMLTM&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;Osoba, jej&iacute;&#382; genderov&aacute; identita je v souladu s pohlav&iacute;m, kter&eacute; j&iacute; bylo zaps&aacute;no p&#345;i narozen&iacute;, popisuje osoby, kter&eacute; nejsou transgender.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/glossary\/cisgender\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">cisgender<\/a> a heterosexu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch vrstevn&iacute;k&#367;. Je proto d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute; vytv&aacute;&#345;et bezpe&#269;n&yacute; prostor a inkluzivn&iacute; prost&#345;ed&iacute; pro v&scaron;echny. P&#345;i [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":8385,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-8397","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/8397","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8397"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/8397\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/8385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn.gamingee.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=8397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}